Srimad Bhagavatam — Chaturtha Skandha, Shloka 18
Nārada Explains the Allegory of King Purañjana
Deha–Indriya–Manaḥ Mapping and the Remedy of Bhakti
देहो रथस्त्विन्द्रियाश्व: संवत्सररयोऽगति: । द्विकर्मचक्रस्त्रिगुणध्वज: पञ्चासुबन्धुर: ॥ १८ ॥ मनोरश्मिर्बुद्धिसूतो हृन्नीडो द्वन्द्वकूबर: । पञ्चेन्द्रियार्थप्रक्षेप: सप्तधातुवरूथक: ॥ १९ ॥ आकूतिर्विक्रमो बाह्यो मृगतृष्णां प्रधावति । एकादशेन्द्रियचमू: पञ्चसूनाविनोदकृत् ॥ २० ॥
deho rathas tv indriyāśvaḥ saṁvatsara-rayo ’gatiḥ dvi-karma-cakras tri-guṇa- dhvajaḥ pañcāsu-bandhuraḥ
نارَد مُنی نے کہا—جسے میں نے رتھ کہا تھا وہ دراصل یہ جسم ہے؛ حواس اس کے گھوڑے ہیں۔ سال بہ سال وقت کے زور سے وہ بے روک دوڑتے ہیں، مگر حقیقی پیش رفت نہیں ہوتی۔ پُنّ اور پاپ دو پہیے ہیں؛ تین گُن جھنڈے ہیں؛ پانچ پران بندھن ہیں۔ من رسی ہے، بدھی سارَتھی ہے۔ دل نشست گاہ ہے اور سُکھ-دُکھ جیسے دوند گانٹھ کی جگہ ہیں۔ سات دھاتیں ڈھانپ ہیں؛ پانچ کرمےندریاں بیرونی اعمال ہیں؛ اور گیارہ اندریاں لشکر ہیں۔ موضوعاتِ لذت میں ڈوبا ہوا جیو رتھ پر بیٹھا مِرگ ترشنا کی طرح جھوٹی خواہشوں کی تکمیل کے لیے جنم جنم دوڑتا ہے۔
The entanglement of the living entity in sense enjoyment is very nicely explained in these verses. The word saṁvatsara, meaning “the progress of time,” is significant. Day after day, week after week, fortnight after fortnight, month after month, year after year, the living entity becomes entangled in the chariot’s progress. The chariot rests on two wheels, which are pious and impious activities. The living entity attains a certain position in life in a particular type of body according to his pious and impious activities, but his transmigration into different bodies should not be taken as progress. Real progress is explained in Bhagavad-gītā (4.9) . Tyaktvā dehaṁ punar janma naiti: one makes real progress when he does not have to take on another material body. As stated in Caitanya-caritāmṛta ( Madhya 19.138) :
FAQs
In this verse Nārada explains that the body functions like a chariot driven by time, pulled by the senses, and directed by karma and the three guṇas—showing why the soul should not identify with the body.
Prācīnabarhi was absorbed in fruitive rituals; Nārada used the allegory to awaken detachment and redirect him from karma-centered life toward self-realization and devotion.
Treat the senses as powerful but trainable: regulate habits, avoid needless sense objects, and engage the senses in bhakti (hearing, chanting, serving), so the ‘chariot’ moves toward spiritual freedom instead of bondage.