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Shloka 24

Pṛthu Mahārāja Milks the Earth (Bhūmi-dugdha) and Organizes Human Settlement

पशवो यवसं क्षीरं वत्सं कृत्वा च गोवृषम् । अरण्यपात्रे चाधुक्षन्मृगेन्द्रेण च दंष्ट्रिण: ॥ २३ ॥ क्रव्यादा: प्राणिन: क्रव्यं दुदुहु: स्वे कलेवरे । सुपर्णवत्सा विहगाश्चरं चाचरमेव च ॥ २४ ॥

paśavo yavasaṁ kṣīraṁ vatsaṁ kṛtvā ca go-vṛṣam araṇya-pātre cādhukṣan mṛgendreṇa ca daṁṣṭriṇaḥ

چوپایہ جانوروں نے شِو کے واهن گوورِشبھ کو بچھڑا بنایا اور جنگل کو برتن ٹھہرا کر زمین سے ہری گھاس کو دودھ کی طرح دوہا۔ درندہ صفت، دانتوں والے جانوروں نے شیر کو بچھڑا بنا کر گوشت کو دودھ کے روپ میں پایا۔ پرندوں نے گرُڑ کو بچھڑا بنا کر چلنے والے کیڑے اور نہ چلنے والے پودے و گھاس کو زمین سے دوہا۔

paśavaḥthe animals/cattle
paśavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpaśu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
yavasamgrass/fodder
yavasam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyavasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
kṣīrammilk
kṣīram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
vatsama calf (as the calf/means for milking)
vatsam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
kṛtvāhaving made
kṛtvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having made’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
go-vṛṣamthe bull (of cows)
go-vṛṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (determinative), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
araṇya-pātrein a forest-vessel (wooden/forest-made container)
araṇya-pātre:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootaraṇya (प्रातिपदिक) + pātra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास, नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
adhukṣanthey milked
adhukṣan:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootduh (दुह् धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
mṛgendreṇaby the lord of beasts (lion)
mṛgendreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛga (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास, पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
daṁṣṭriṇaḥthe fanged ones (carnivores)
daṁṣṭriṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdaṁṣṭrin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
kravyādāḥflesh-eaters
kravyādāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkravyāda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
prāṇinaḥliving beings
prāṇinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
kravyamraw flesh
kravyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkravya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
duduhuḥthey milked/drew out
duduhuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootduh (दुह् धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural)
svein their own
sve:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्व-शब्द (reflexive possessive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
kalevarein the body
kalevare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkalevara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
suparṇa-vatsāḥhaving Suparṇa (Garuda) as the calf
suparṇa-vatsāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsuparṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vatsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘suparṇa as calf’), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
vihagāḥbirds
vihagāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvihaga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
caramthe moving (creatures)
caram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootcara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
acaramthe non-moving (plants etc.)
acaram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootacara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

There are many carnivorous birds descended from Garuḍa, the winged carrier of Lord Viṣṇu. Indeed, there is a particular type of bird that is very fond of eating monkeys, and eagles are fond of eating goats. Of course, many birds eat only fruits and berries. Therefore the words caram, referring to moving animals, and acaram, referring to grasses, fruits and vegetables, are mentioned in this verse.

P
Pṛthu Mahārāja
B
Bhūmi-devī (Earth)

FAQs

This verse explains that different classes of beings “milked” the Earth and received their own suitable sustenance—showing the Earth’s role as a divinely empowered provider for all life.

In the Pṛthu narrative, milking symbolizes orderly governance and dharma: when the king establishes righteousness, nature yields appropriately for every creature.

Treat natural resources as sacred and regulated by dharma—take what is needed responsibly, recognizing that different beings also have rightful shares.