Sutra 48
Devanagari script
इति पीडनानि आभ्यन्तरो मुख्यस्तम्भो बाह्योऽमित्राटवीस्तम्भः । इति स्तम्भवर्गह् ॥ कZ_०८.४.४८ ॥
Transliteration
iti pīḍanāni ābhyantaro mukhyastambho bāhyo 'mitrāṭavīstambhaḥ | iti stambhavargaḥ.
Translation
یوں پیڑن (دباؤ/استحصال) کی قسمیں ہیں: اندرونی ستون ہی اصل (مرکزی) ستون ہے؛ بیرونی ستون دشمن اور جنگل (اٹوی) ستون ہے۔ یہ ‘ستون’ کی درجہ بندی ہے۔
Word by Word
इतिthus; so (concluding statement)
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
FormAvyaya (quotative/iti-particle)
पीडनानिoppressions; coercive measures; acts of harassment
पीडनानि:
TypeNoun
Rootपीडन
FormNeuter; nominative/accusative plural; from √पीड् (to oppress) with -ana (action/result noun)
आभ्यन्तरःinternal
आभ्यन्तरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआभ्यन्तर
FormMasculine; nominative singular; adjective used substantively
मुख्यःprincipal; main
मुख्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य
FormMasculine; nominative singular; adjective used substantively
स्तम्भःpillar; support
स्तम्भः:
TypeNoun
Rootस्तम्भ
FormMasculine; nominative singular
बाह्यःexternal
बाह्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबाह्य
FormMasculine; nominative singular; adjective used substantively
अमित्राटवीस्तम्भःthe pillar/support relating to the enemy and the forest (enemy-and-forest pillar)
अमित्राटवीस्तम्भः:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootस्तम्भ
FormMasculine; nominative singular; compound = अमित्र + आटवी + स्तम्भ (support/pillar connected with enemy and forest-tribes/forest-region)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeParticle
Rootइति
FormAvyaya (concluding/quotative)
स्तम्भवर्गःthe group/class of pillars
स्तम्भवर्गः:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootवर्ग
FormMasculine; nominative singular; compound = स्तम्भ + वर्ग
Entities Mentioned
Ā
ābhyantara (internal)A
amitra (enemy)Ā
āṭavī (forest)FAQs
Internal stability and administration are the primary support of state power; external threats are secondary if the internal base is sound.