Sutra 48

Devanagari script

सातत्येन हि निशि प्रदीपे मातरि च मृतायां दीव्यत्येव कितवः ॥ कZ_०८.३.४८ ॥

Transliteration

sātatyena hi niśi pradīpe mātari ca mṛtāyāṃ dīvyaty eva kitavaḥ

Translation

جواری مسلسل جوا کھیلتا رہتا ہے—رات کو چراغ کی روشنی میں، حتیٰ کہ ماں کے مر جانے پر بھی۔

Word by Word

• सातत्येन: continuously; with persistence
• Type: Noun
• Root: सातत्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम (अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘सातत्येन’ = ‘सततं/निरन्तरम्’ इत्यर्थे)

• हि: indeed; for
• Type: Particle
• Root: हि
• Form: निपात; हेतौ/खल्वर्थे

• निशि: at night
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन

• प्रदीपे: when/where there is a lamp (in lamplight)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदीप
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन

• मातरि: when/while the mother (is present / in the case of the mother)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Conjunction
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• मृतायाम्: when (she) is dead; upon (her) death
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: मृ (मरणे) → मृत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन; ‘मातृ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• दीव्यति: plays (gambles)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दिव् (दीव्यति)
• Form: लट्; परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• एव: certainly; just
• Type: Particle
• Root: एव
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय

• कितवः: the gambler
• Type: Noun
• Root: कितव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन

Entities Mentioned

• gambler

More Details

FAQs

What administrative lesson is conveyed by the ‘mother’s death’ example?

Addiction produces extreme duty-neglect; a ruler tolerating such vice in court or administration risks chronic absenteeism, corruption, and breakdown of responsibility.