Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 35 Sutra 12 - Arthashastra | Urdu | Vedapath

Kautilya

Sutra 12

Devanagari script

परभूमिजातानां वारिस्थलपथोपयातानां सारफल्गुपुण्यानां कर्मसु च शुल्कवर्तन्यातिवाहिकगुल्मतरदेयभागभक्तपण्यागारप्रमाणं विद्युः ॥ कZ_०२.३५.१२ ॥

Transliteration

parabhūmijātānāṃ vāristhalapathopayātānāṃ sāraphalgupuṇyānāṃ karmasu ca śulkavartanyātivāhikagulmataradeyabhāgabhaktapaṇyāgārapramāṇaṃ vidyuḥ

Translation

مملکت سے باہر پیدا ہو کر آبی راستے، زمینی راستے یا سڑک کے ذریعے آنے والے مال کے بارے میں یہ بھی جانیں کہ کون سا مال عمدہ ہے اور کون سا کمتر؛ اور نیز کارگزاری میں قابلِ اطلاق نرخ/معیار: محصولِ گمرک، راہ داری/سڑک محصول، عبور/فیری چارج، گُلْم (چوکی/چھاؤنی) لیوی، تر-دَیَہ (گھاٹ/اتار) فیس، حصہ (تقسیم)، بھکت (راشن)، اور گوداموں و مال کے پیمانے/معیارات۔

Word by Word

परभूमिजातानाम्of those born/produced in another territory

वारि-स्थल-पथ-उपयातानाम्of those arriving by water-route, land-route, or road-route

सार-फल्गु-पुण्यानाम्of (goods/persons) that are valuable, trifling, or meritorious/religious

कर्मसुin activities/transactions

चand

शुल्क-वर्तन्य-अतिवाहिक-गुल्म-तर-देय-भाग-भक्त-पण्य-आगार-प्रमाणम्the prescribed standard/measure for customs duty, road-toll, transport charge, garrison-levy, ferry-fee, other dues, share, rations, merchandise, and warehouse (assessment)

विद्युःthey should know/ascertain

Entities Mentioned

Vaidehaka agents

External merchants/goods (parabhūmija)

Customs administration (śulka)

Route administration (vartanī)

Transit/ferry administration (ativāhika)

Garrisons/posts (gulma)

Warehouses (paṇyāgāra)

FAQs

What administrative purpose is served by classifying goods as sāra vs phalgu?

It supports differential valuation for duties, detects misdeclaration, and improves revenue forecasting by linking tax rates and enforcement attention to quality/price bands.