नरक-निर्णयः, पाप-कर्म-फल-व्यवस्था, प्रायश्चित्त-क्रमः, तथा हरि-स्मरण-परमत्वम्
रौरवः सूकरो रोधस् तालो विशसनस् तथा महाज्वालस् तप्तकुम्भो लवणो ऽथ विलोहितः
rauravaḥ sūkaro rodhas tālo viśasanas tathā mahājvālas taptakumbho lavaṇo 'tha vilohitaḥ
Ang Raurava, Sūkara, Rodhas, Tāla, at Viśasana; gayundin ang Mahājvāla, Taptakumbha, Lavaṇa, at saka Vilohita—ito ang mga pangalan ng mga daigdig ng impiyerno, kung saan ang mga may katawan ay ginagapos ng bunga ng karma at nagdurusa nang mabigat.
Sage Parāśara (teaching Maitreya)
They function as moral cartography: named realms that illustrate how karma yields specific consequences, reinforcing dharma within the cosmic order upheld under Vishnu’s sovereignty.
By enumerating distinct Narakas by name, Parāśara frames suffering as differentiated outcomes of deeds—an ordered, intelligible system rather than random torment.
Even when Vishnu is not named in the verse, the Purāṇic worldview assumes a universe governed by divine order: karmic justice operates within the larger sovereignty of the Supreme Reality.