Shloka 17

सम्पाति

अङ्गदसंवादः / Sampati and Angada: Genealogy, Jatayu, and the Search Vow

Devanagari script

रावणं विरथं कृत्वा स्थापयित्वा च मैथिलीम्।परिश्रान्तश्च वृद्धश्च रावणेन हतो रणे।।।।

Transliteration

rāvaṇaṃ virathaṃ kṛtvā sthāpayitvā ca maithilīm |

pariśrāntaś ca vṛddhaś ca rāvaṇena hato raṇe ||

Translation

Nang maalis niya si Rāvaṇa sa kaniyang karwahe at maibaba si Maithilī, si Jaṭāyu—matanda at lubhang pagod—ay pinaslang ni Rāvaṇa sa labanan.

Word by Word

• रावणम्: Rāvaṇa
• रावणम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विरथम्: chariotless
• विरथम्: कर्म (Karma/Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; रावणम् विशेषयति

• कृत्वा: having made
• कृत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial to main action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कृत्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वक्रिया (prior action)

• स्थापयित्वा: having placed / having set (her)
• स्थापयित्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) → स्थापय् (णिच्) → स्थापयित्वा
• Form: णिच्-प्रेरण (causative) + क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (Gerund), पूर्वक्रिया

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• मैथिलीम्: Maithilī (Sītā)
• मैथिलीम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैथिली (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• परिश्रान्तः: exhausted
• परिश्रान्तः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परिश्रान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जटायुः (implicit) विशेषयति

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• वृद्धः: old
• वृद्धः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; जटायुः (implicit) विशेषयति

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• रावणेन: by Rāvaṇa
• रावणेन: करण (Karaṇa/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• हतः: was slain
• हतः: क्रियापद (Passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (Past Passive Participle), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

Context

'Jatayu destroyed Ravana's aerial chariot and put Maithili in a (safe) place. But being old and exhausted, he was killed in a combat by Ravana.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Maithilī (Sītā)
• Jaṭāyu
• Battle (raṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as self-sacrificial protection: Jatāyu chooses righteous resistance against adharma, even knowing age and fatigue may lead to death.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada summarizes Jatāyu’s intervention: he disables Rāvaṇa’s vehicle, briefly safeguards Sītā, and is ultimately killed in combat.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage anchored in duty—Jatāyu’s valor is inseparable from moral responsibility.