Shloka 43

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

इमास्तास्तव राजेन्द्र वानर्योवल्लभास्सदा।पादैर्विकृष्ट मध्वानमागताः किं न बुध्यसे4.25.43।।

Transliteration

imās tās tava rājendra vānaryo vallabhāḥ sadā | pādair vikṛṣṭam adhvānam āgatāḥ kiṃ na budhyase || 4.25.43 ||

Translation

O hari ng mga hari, ang mga babaeng unggoy na ito, na laging mahal sa iyo, ay dumating matapos maglakad sa daan. Bakit hindi ka gumising at pansinin sila?

Word by Word

• imāḥ: these
• imāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); demonstrative pronoun

• tāḥ: those
• tāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); demonstrative pronoun (appositional)

• tava: your
• tava: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• rājendra: O king of kings
• rājendra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāja-indra (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: rāja + indra; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• vānaryaḥ: female monkeys
• vānaryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānaryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vallabhāḥ: beloved wives
• vallabhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vallabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) used as noun 'beloved ones/wives'

• sadā: always
• sadā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• pādaiḥ: on foot, with (their) feet
• pādaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• vikṛṣṭam: long, drawn-out
• vikṛṣṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vikṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √kṛṣ धातु)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); Past passive participle (क्त) used adjectivally

• adhvānam: journey, path
• adhvānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhvan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• āgatāḥ: have come
• āgatāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āgata (कृदन्त; √gam धातु)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त) used predicatively; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) agreeing with 'vānaryaḥ/vallabhāḥ'

• kim: why?
• kim: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/प्रश्न)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kim (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Interrogative particle used adverbially (प्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)

• budhyase: do you understand/realize
• budhyase: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √budh (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

Context

'O monkey! a single arrow from Rama who appeared in the forest in the form of death dragged you away from us and turned us all into widows.

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights relational dharma: a ruler’s life affects dependents; their suffering reveals the ethical weight of kingship and household responsibility.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā draws attention to Vāli’s wives who have come a long distance to see him, but he lies unresponsive.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and advocacy—Tārā speaks on behalf of the widows and the community of dependents.