Shloka 31

Devanagari script

धर्मादर्थः प्रभवति धर्मात्प्रभवते सुखम्।।3.9.31।।धर्मेण लभते सर्वं धर्मसारमिदं जगत्।

Transliteration

dharmād arthaḥ prabhavati dharmāt prabhavate sukham |

dharmeṇa labhate sarvaṃ dharmasāram idaṃ jagat ||

Translation

Mula sa dharma sumisibol ang kasaganaan; mula sa dharma sumisibol ang kaligayahan. Sa dharma nakakamtan ang lahat—ang daigdig na ito’y may dharma bilang pinakadiwa.

Word by Word

• dharmāt: from dharma
• dharmāt: Apādāna/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन

• arthaḥ: wealth / benefit
• arthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: artha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• prabhavati: arises
• prabhavati: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: उपसर्ग: प्र-; लट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• dharmāt: from dharma
• dharmāt: Apādāna/Hetu (अपादान/हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• prabhavate: arises / results
• prabhavate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: उपसर्ग: प्र-; लट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• sukham: happiness
• sukham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• dharmeṇa: by dharma
• dharmeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन

• labhate: attains
• labhate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: labh (धातु)
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• sarvam: everything
• sarvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• dharmasāram: having dharma as its essence
• dharmasāram: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma + sāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास: धर्मस्य सारः (essence of dharma); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (qualifying jagat)

• idam: this
• idam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• jagat: world
• jagat: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

Context

O gentle one! you may move in this forest of ascetics with a pure mind. The true meaning behind everything in these three worlds is known to you, indeed.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• dharma
• artha
• jagat (world)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is the primary cause: it is portrayed as the foundation from which legitimate prosperity (artha) and true happiness (sukha) arise.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā argues in moral terms, presenting dharma as the guiding principle that should govern choices even during forest exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to dharma as the highest value—placing righteousness prior to gain or pleasure.