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Shloka 39

कृतयुगवर्णनम् तथा राजधर्मोपदेशः

Kṛtayuga Description and Instruction on Royal Dharma

युगान्ते समनुप्राप्ते वृथा च ब्रह्मवादिन: । भोवादिनस्तथा शाद्रा ब्राह्मणाश्चार्यवादिन:,मनुष्य नाटे कदके होंगे। उनकी शरीरिक शक्ति बहुत कम हो जायगी और उनकी बातोंमें सत्यका अंश बहुत कम होगा। बहुधा सारे जनपद जनशून्य होंगे। सम्पूर्ण दिशाएँ पशुओं और सर्पोसे भरी होंगी। युगान्तकाल उपस्थित होनेपर अधिकांश मनुष्य (अनुभव न होते हुए भी) वृथा ही ब्रह्मज्ञानकी बातें कहेंगे। शूद्र द्विजातियोंको भो (ऐ) कहकर पुकारेंगे और ब्राह्मणलोग शूट्रोंको आर्य अर्थात्‌ आप कहकर सम्बोधन करेंगे

yugānte samanuprāpte vṛthā ca brahmavādinaḥ | bhovādinas tathā śūdrā brāhmaṇāś cāryavādinaḥ ||

Sinabi ni Vaiśampāyana: “Kapag papalapit na ang wakas ng panahon, marami ang magsasalita tungkol sa Brahman nang walang kabuluhan—pawang salita lamang, walang tunay na pagkamulat. Tatawagin ng mga Śūdra ang mga ‘dalawang ulit na isinilang’ sa brusko at tuwirang ‘bho!’, at ang mga brāhmaṇa naman ay tatawag sa mga śūdra sa marangal na ‘ārya’ (‘ginoo’).”

युगान्तेat the end of the age
युगान्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुगान्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
समनुप्राप्तेwhen (it) has arrived / on the arrival (of it)
समनुप्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अनु-प्राप्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
वृथाvainly, uselessly
वृथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्रह्मवादिनःthose who speak of Brahman (Brahma-talkers)
ब्रह्मवादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भोवादिनःthose who say 'bho' (use 'bho' as address)
भोवादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभोवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise, similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
शूद्राःShudras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आर्यवादिनःthose who say 'ārya' (use 'ārya' as address)
आर्यवादिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्यवादिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
yuga (age/cycle)
B
Brahman
Ś
Śūdra
B
Brāhmaṇa
B
bho (form of address)
Ā
ārya (honorific form of address)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical and spiritual decline at the yuga’s end: sacred discourse becomes empty rhetoric, and social norms of respectful speech invert—signaling erosion of dharma and authenticity.

Vaiśampāyana describes portents of the approaching yugānta (end of an age), focusing here on how people’s speech and social address will change—Brahman-talk without realization, and altered forms of respect between varṇas.