Shloka 11
Pradyumna–Śālva Missile-Exchange at Saubha (Āraṇyaka Parva, Adhyāya 18)
Devanagari script
एवं ब्रुवति सूते तु तदा मकरकेतुमान् । उवाच सूतं कौरव्य निवर्तय रथं पुन:,कुरुनन्दन! सूतके ऐसा कहनेपर मकरथ्वज प्रद्युम्नने उससे कहा--“दारुककुमार! तू रथको पुनः युद्धभूमिकी ओर लौटा ले चल। सूतपुत्र! आजसे फिर कभी किसी प्रकार भी मेरे जीते-जी रथको रणभूमिसे न लौटाना
Translation
Nang magsalita nang gayon ang tagapagmaneho, si Pradyumna—ang may watawat na Makara—ay nagsabi sa kanya: “O anak ni Dāruka, ibalik mo ang karwahe at itungo muli sa larangan ng digmaan!”
Word by Word
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
ब्रुवतिwhile (he) was speaking / as (he) spoke
ब्रुवति:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सूतेin/with regard to the charioteer
सूते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
मकरकेतुमान्having the makara-banner (Pradyumna/Kāmadeva-like)
मकरकेतुमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमकरकेतुमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सूतम्to the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कौरव्यO Kauravya (descendant of Kuru)
कौरव्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निवर्तयturn back / bring back
निवर्तय:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (निवृत्)
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
रथम्the chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain/back
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
कुरुनन्दनO joy of the Kurus
कुरुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरुनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes