Shloka 8

Kṛṣṇa at Duryodhana’s House: Refusal of Hospitality and Departure to Vidura (कृष्णस्य धार्तराष्ट्रनिवेशनगमनम्)

Devanagari script

ऊषुर्महावने तात सिंहव्याप्रगजाकुले । बाला विहीना: पित्रा ते मया सततलालिता:

Transliteration

ūṣur mahāvane tāta siṁhavyāghragajākule | bālā vihīnāḥ pitrā te mayā satatalālitāḥ ||

Translation

Sinabi ni Vaiśaṃpāyana: “Mahal kong anak, sila’y namuhay sa isang napakalawak na gubat na siksik sa mga leon, tigre, at elepante. Yaong mga bata, na pinagkaitan ng ama, ay palagi kong inaruga at inalagaan.”

Word by Word

• ऊषुः: they dwelt/stayed
• ऊषुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वस् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

• महावने: in the great forest
• महावने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महावन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• तात: O dear (father/son)!
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सिंहव्याघ्रगजाकुले: in (a place) crowded with lions, tigers, and elephants
• सिंहव्याघ्रगजाकुले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सिंह-व्याघ्र-गज-आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• बालाः: children
• बालाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विहीनाः: deprived, bereft
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विहीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पित्रा: by (their) father
• पित्रा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• ते: you (plural)
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Nominative, Plural

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• सतत: always, continually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सतत (प्रातिपदिक)

• लालिताः: cherished, fondled, brought up with affection
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लालित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• mahāvana (great forest)
• siṁha (lion)
• vyāghra (tiger)
• gaja (elephant)
• bālāḥ (children)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic responsibility: when children are bereft of a father, a guardian’s duty is steady protection and affectionate care, even amid danger and hardship.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes a period when the children lived in a perilous great forest filled with wild beasts, and he emphasizes that, despite being fatherless, they were continuously nurtured under his care.