Shloka 53
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 71 — Kṣatra-dharma Counsel, Public Legitimacy, and Mobilization
Devanagari script
सर्वथा वृजिन युद्ध को घ्नन् न प्रतिहन्यते । हतस्य च हृषीकेश समौ जयपराजयौ
Translation
“Kaya napatutunayang ang digmaan ay lubos na kasalanan. Sino ang pumapatay sa iba na hindi rin mapapatay bilang ganti? O Hṛṣīkeśa! Para sa napatay sa digmaan, ang tagumpay at pagkatalo ay kapwa iisa.”
Word by Word
सर्वथाin every way; entirely
सर्वथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वथा
वृजिनयुद्धकःone who fights a sinful battle / a sinful warrior
वृजिनयुद्धकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृजिनयुद्धक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
घ्नन्killing; slaying
घ्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
प्रतिहन्यतेis struck back; is slain in return
प्रतिहन्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रतिहन्
FormPresent (Lat), Passive, Third, Singular
हतस्यof the slain
हतस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
हृषीकेशO Hrishikesha (Krishna)
हृषीकेश:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootहृषीकेश
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
समौequal (the two)
समौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
जयपराजयौvictory and defeat
जयपराजयौ:
TypeNoun
Rootजय-पराजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes