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Shloka 53

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 47 — Arjuna’s Deterrent Declaration

Sañjaya’s Report

तदा मूढो धृतराष्ट्रस्य पुत्र- स्तप्ता युद्धे दुर्मतिर्दु:सहाय: । दृष्टवा सैन्यं बाणवर्षान्धकारे प्रभज्यन्तं गोकुलवद्‌ रणाग्रे

tadā mūḍho dhṛtarāṣṭrasya putras taptā yuddhe durmatir duḥsahāyaḥ | dṛṣṭvā sainyaṃ bāṇavarṣāndhakāre prabhajyantaṃ gokulavad raṇāgre ||

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “Kung magkagayon, ang nalilinlang na anak ni Dhṛtarāṣṭra—masama ang isip at sinusuportahan ng malulupit na kakampi—ay pahihirapan sa digmaan. Sapagkat kapag narinig niya ang mabagsik na pitik ng Gāṇḍīva at nakita ang kanyang hukbo, sa dilim na nilikha ng unos ng mga palaso sa unahan ng labanan, na nagkakawatak-watak at tumatakas sa iba’t ibang panig na parang kawan ng baka, sasakmalin ng matinding dalamhati ang kanyang puso.”

तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
मूढःdeluded, foolish
मूढः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमूढ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धृतराष्ट्रस्यof Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तप्तःtormented, distressed
तप्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootतप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
दुर्मतिःevil-minded one
दुर्मतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्मति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःसहायःhaving wicked/unsupportable allies
दुःसहायः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदुःसहाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बाणवर्ष-अन्धकारेin the darkness (caused) by a rain of arrows
बाणवर्ष-अन्धकारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबाणवर्ष-अन्धकार
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रभज्यन्तम्breaking up / scattering / fleeing about
प्रभज्यन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-भज्
FormPresent active participle, Neuter, Accusative, Singular
गोकुलवत्like a herd of cows
गोकुलवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootगोकुलवत्
रण-अग्रेat the front of the battle
रण-अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण-अग्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
G
Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
K
Kaurava army

Educational Q&A

Unrighteous intent (durmati) sustained by harmful counsel (duḥsahāya) leads to inner torment when reality tests it; moral failure erodes courage and cohesion, while disciplined valor exposes the fragility of adharma.

Sañjaya describes how Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son will be distressed upon witnessing his forces scatter at the battlefront amid the ‘darkness’ of an intense arrow-shower, likened to cattle fleeing in panic—an image of collapsing morale before Arjuna’s martial prowess symbolized by the Gāṇḍīva.