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Shloka 33

Adhyāya 128 — Proposal to Restrain Keśava; Sātyaki’s Warning and Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Counsel

“इन्हीं दोनों (काम और क्रोध)-के द्वारा देवताओंने स्वर्गमें जानेवाले पुरुषके लिये उस लोकका दरवाजा बंद कर रखा है। वीतराग पुरुषसे डरकर ही देवताओंने स्वर्गप्राप्तिके प्रतिबन्धक काम और क्रोधकी वृद्धि की है ।। काम॑ क्रोधं च लोभं च दम्भं दर्प च भूमिप: । सम्यग्विजेतुं यो वेद स महीमभिजायते,“जो राजा काम, क्रोध, लोभ, दम्भ और दर्पको अच्छी तरह जीतनेकी कला जानता है, वही इस पृथ्वीका शासन कर सकता है

kāmau krodhaṃ ca lobhaṃ ca dambhaṃ darpaṃ ca bhūmipaḥ | samyag vijetuṃ yo veda sa mahīm abhijāyate ||

Sinabi ni Vaiśaṃpāyana: Ang pagnanasa at galit ang itinuturing na mga puwersang ginagamit ng mga diyos upang isara ang tarangkahan ng langit sa mga nagnanais umakyat; sa takot sa taong tunay na walang pagkapit, lalo nilang pinatitindi ang mga hadlang na ito—pagnanasa at poot. Kaya ang haring tunay na marunong magtagumpay laban sa pagnanasa, galit, kasakiman, pagkukunwari, at kapalaluan, siya ang karapat-dapat maghari sa daigdig.

कामम्desire
कामम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
क्रोधम्anger
क्रोधम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
लोभम्greed
लोभम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootलोभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दम्भम्hypocrisy, deceit
दम्भम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदम्भ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दर्पम्pride, arrogance
दर्पम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदर्प
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भूमिपःking (lord of the earth)
भूमिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्यक्properly, thoroughly
सम्यक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक्
विजेतुम्to conquer
विजेतुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+जि
FormInfinitive
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदknows
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महीम्the earth
महीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमही
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अभिजायतेis fit to rule / becomes (lord over)
अभिजायते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि+जन्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
D
devatāḥ (the gods)
S
svarga (heaven)
B
bhūmipa (the king)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s legitimacy rests on inner conquest: mastering desire, anger, greed, hypocrisy, and pride. These vices are depicted as spiritual obstacles that block higher attainment; self-control is therefore both ethical discipline and political qualification.

In Vaiśaṃpāyana’s narration within the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-filled setting, the text frames kāma and krodha as gatekeepers that prevent ascent to heaven and then states a rājadharma maxim: only the king who can truly overcome these inner enemies is fit to govern the earth.