Shloka 15
Adhyāya 90 — Protection of Livelihoods, Brahmanical Subsistence Norms, and Royal Oversight (राष्ट्रवृत्ति-राष्ट्रगुप्ति-उपदेशः)
अतीतदिदतसे वृत्तं प्रशंसन्ति न वा पुनः । गुप्तैशज्ारैरनुमतै: पृथिवीमनुसारयेत्
atītad idatase vṛttaṃ praśaṃsanti na vā punaḥ | guptaiś cārair anumataiḥ pṛthivīm anusārayet ||
Wika ni Bhishma: “Dapat bang purihin o hindi purihin ng mga tao ang nagdaang asal ng isang tao—dapat itong matiyak. Kaya, sa pamamagitan ng mga lihim na espiya na mapagkakatiwalaan at pinahintulutan, dapat bantayan nang tuluy-tuloy ang buong lupain (kaharian), at ipadala sila sa lahat ng dako upang malaman ang katotohanan.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler (or any leader) should not rely on self-assessment or flattery to judge their conduct; they should verify public sentiment and the real effects of their actions through trustworthy, discreet information channels.
In Bhishma’s instruction on governance in the Shanti Parva, he advises maintaining an approved network of secret agents who circulate throughout the realm to learn whether the ruler’s past behavior is praised or criticized and to report the truth.