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Shloka 88

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

तदनन्तर देवताओंने प्रजापति भगवान्‌ विष्णुके पास जाकर कहा--'भगवन्‌! मनुष्योंमें जो एक पुरुष सबसे श्रेष्ठ पद प्राप्त करनेका अधिकारी हो, उसका नाम बताइये” ।।

tadanantaraṁ devatābhir prajāpatiṁ bhagavantaṁ viṣṇuṁ samītyoktam— “bhagavan! manuṣyeṣu yaḥ pumān sarvaśreṣṭhaṁ padaṁ prāptum adhikārī, tasya nāma brūhi.” tataḥ sañcintya bhagavān devo nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ | taijasaṁ vai virajasaṁ so ’sṛjan mānasaṁ sutam |

Pagkaraan nito, lumapit ang mga diyos kay Prajāpati, ang Mapalad na si Viṣṇu, at nagsabi: “O Panginoon, ipahayag Mo ang pangalan ng lalaking kabilang sa mga tao na may karapatang umabot sa pinakamataas na antas.” Pagdaka’y nagmuni-muni ang Panginoon, ang banal na Nārāyaṇa, at sa sariling ningning ay lumikha ng isang anak na isinilang sa isip—dalisay at walang dungis—na sumikat sa pangalang Virajā.

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
संचिन्त्यhaving reflected
संचिन्त्य:
TypeVerb
Rootचिन्त्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
देवःthe god
देवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नारायणःNārāyaṇa
नारायणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रभुःthe Lord/master
प्रभुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तैजसम्radiant/fiery
तैजसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतैजस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
विरजसम्stainless/dustless/pure
विरजसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविरजस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असृजत्created/emitted
असृजत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मानसम्mental/mind-born
मानसम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमानस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सुतम्son
सुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
Devatāḥ (the gods)
P
Prajāpati
B
Bhagavān Viṣṇu
N
Nārāyaṇa
V
Viraja (mānasa suta)

Educational Q&A

Supreme human excellence is not merely social status but a qualification grounded in purity and divine sanction: the ‘highest rank’ is associated with being free from rajas (virajasa) and aligned with luminous spiritual power (taijasa), indicating ethical and inner fitness as the basis of true superiority.

The gods ask Viṣṇu (as Prajāpati) to identify the human who deserves the highest position. Viṣṇu reflects and then manifests a mind-born son, radiant and stainless, named Viraja—introducing a paradigmatic figure whose very origin and qualities answer the gods’ inquiry.