Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)
तदनन्तर देवताओंने प्रजापति भगवान् विष्णुके पास जाकर कहा--'भगवन्! मनुष्योंमें जो एक पुरुष सबसे श्रेष्ठ पद प्राप्त करनेका अधिकारी हो, उसका नाम बताइये” ।।
tadanantaraṁ devatābhir prajāpatiṁ bhagavantaṁ viṣṇuṁ samītyoktam— “bhagavan! manuṣyeṣu yaḥ pumān sarvaśreṣṭhaṁ padaṁ prāptum adhikārī, tasya nāma brūhi.” tataḥ sañcintya bhagavān devo nārāyaṇaḥ prabhuḥ | taijasaṁ vai virajasaṁ so ’sṛjan mānasaṁ sutam |
Pagkaraan nito, lumapit ang mga diyos kay Prajāpati, ang Mapalad na si Viṣṇu, at nagsabi: “O Panginoon, ipahayag Mo ang pangalan ng lalaking kabilang sa mga tao na may karapatang umabot sa pinakamataas na antas.” Pagdaka’y nagmuni-muni ang Panginoon, ang banal na Nārāyaṇa, at sa sariling ningning ay lumikha ng isang anak na isinilang sa isip—dalisay at walang dungis—na sumikat sa pangalang Virajā.
भीष्म उवाच
Supreme human excellence is not merely social status but a qualification grounded in purity and divine sanction: the ‘highest rank’ is associated with being free from rajas (virajasa) and aligned with luminous spiritual power (taijasa), indicating ethical and inner fitness as the basis of true superiority.
The gods ask Viṣṇu (as Prajāpati) to identify the human who deserves the highest position. Viṣṇu reflects and then manifests a mind-born son, radiant and stainless, named Viraja—introducing a paradigmatic figure whose very origin and qualities answer the gods’ inquiry.