Shloka 95

Devanagari script

नमो ब्रह्माण्यदेवाय गोब्राह्मणहिताय च । जगद्धिताय कृष्णाय गोविन्दाय नमो नम:

Transliteration

namo brahmaṇyadevāya gobrāhmaṇahitāya ca | jagaddhitāya kṛṣṇāya govindāya namo namaḥ ||

Translation

Nag-aalay si Bhīṣma ng paulit-ulit na pagpupugay kay Kṛṣṇa—na iginagalang bilang tagapagtindig ng banal na kaayusan (dharma), tagapagtaguyod ng kapakanan ng mga baka at ng mga brāhmaṇa, at kumikilos para sa ikabubuti ng buong daigdig; kay Govinda, muli’t muli siyang yumuyuko.

Word by Word

नमःsalutation

ब्रह्मण्यदेवायto the god devoted to Brahmins/Vedic righteousness

गोब्राह्मणहितायto (him who is) beneficial to cows and Brahmins

चand

जगद्धितायto (him who is) for the welfare of the world

कृष्णायto Krishna

गोविन्दायto Govinda

नमःsalutation

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Kṛṣṇa

Govinda

cows (go)

brāhmaṇas

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

True reverence for the divine is linked with dharma in action: honoring Kṛṣṇa as the protector of brahmanic order and as the benefactor of all beings emphasizes that spiritual devotion should support learning, ethical governance, and the welfare of society (symbolized by cows and brāhmaṇas).

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma—speaking from his bed of arrows—offers a devotional salutation to Kṛṣṇa, acknowledging him as the divine guardian of dharma and the universal benefactor, setting a reverent tone within his broader instruction on righteous conduct and social well-being.