Shloka 73
नारद–शुक संवादः
Impermanence, Svabhāva, and Śuka’s Resolve for Yoga
निष्पाप गन्धर्व! जीवात्मा जाग्रत् आदि अवस्थाओंमें सब कुछ देखता है। सुषुप्ति और समाधि अवस्थामें कुछ भी नहीं देखता है तथा परमात्मा सदा ही छब्बीसवें तत्त्वरूप अपने- आपको, पचीसरतवें तत्त्वरूप जीवात्माको और चौबीसवें तत्त्वरूप प्रकृतिको भी देखता रहता है ।।
niṣpāpa gandharva! jīvātmā jāgrat-ādi avasthāsu sarvaṃ paśyati. suṣupti-samādhi-avasthāsu na kiñcid api paśyati. paramātmā tu sadāiva ṣaḍviṃśatitattvarūpeṇa svātmānam, pañcaviṃśatitattvarūpeṇa jīvātmānam, caturviṃśatitattvarūpeṇa prakṛtim api paśyati. na tu paśyati paśyaṃs tu yaś cainam anupaśyati. pañcaviṃśo ’bhimanyeta nānyo ’sti parato mama; kintu yadi jīvātmā evam abhimanyate—“matto ’nyo nāsti”—tadā yaḥ paramātmā taṃ nityam anupaśyati, taṃ sa jñātvāpi na jānāti.
Wika ni Yājñavalkya: “O walang-salang Gandharva, ang indibidwal na sarili (jīva) ay nakakakita ng lahat sa kalagayang gising at mga kaugnay na kalagayan. Sa malalim na tulog (suṣupti) at sa samādhi, wala itong nakikita. Ngunit ang Kataas-taasang Sarili ay laging tumitingin: sa Kanya Mismo bilang ika-dalawampu’t anim na prinsipyo, sa indibidwal na sarili bilang ika-dalawampu’t lima, at sa Kalikasan bilang ika-dalawampu’t apat. Gayunman, ang sarili na may katawan ay hindi tunay na nakakakita sa laging nakakakitang Saksi na nagmamasid dito. Kung ang ika-dalawampu’t limang prinsipyo—ang jīva—ay mahulog sa kapalaluan, ‘Wala nang higit sa akin,’ kung gayon, bagama’t inaakala nitong nauunawaan, hindi nito nakikilala ang Kataas-taasan na walang humpay na tumitingin dito.”
याज़्ञवल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
The jīva’s ordinary knowing operates in waking (and allied) states, but the Supreme Self is the constant Witness of the jīva and of prakṛti. Spiritual error arises when the jīva identifies itself as supreme; true knowledge is recognizing the ever-seeing Paramātman beyond the individual self.
In a philosophical dialogue within Śānti Parva, Yājñavalkya instructs a Gandharva about states of consciousness and the hierarchy of principles (tattvas), warning against the jīva’s pride and emphasizing the Paramātman as the perpetual observer.