Shloka 19
ब्रह्मघोष-प्रवर्तनम्, अनध्याय-नियमः, वायु-मार्ग-वर्णनम्
Restoring Vedic Recitation, the Anadhyaya Rule, and the Taxonomy of Winds
साधारण मनुष्य इनके सहवास और निवासको कभी ठीक-ठीक समझ नहीं पाते। जो इन दोनोंके स्वरूपको अन्यथा जानते हैं अर्थात् प्रकृति और पुरुषको एक दूसरेसे भिन्न नहीं जानते हैं उनकी दृष्टि ठीक नहीं है। वे अवश्य ही बार-बार घोर नरकमें पड़ते हैं ।।
sādhāraṇā manuṣyā imeṣāṃ sahavāsa-nivāsau kadācit yathāvat na vijānanti | ye tu tayor ubhayor svarūpam anyathā jānanti—prakṛtiṃ puruṣaṃ ca parasparaṃ bhinnaṃ na jānanti—teṣāṃ dṛṣṭiḥ samyak na bhavati | te niyataṃ punaḥ punaḥ ghora-narakeṣu patanti || sāṅkhya-darśanam etat te pari-saṅkhyānam uttamam | evaṃ hi pari-saṅkhyāya sāṅkhyāḥ kevalatāṃ gatāḥ ||
Wika ni Yājñavalkya: Ang karaniwang tao ay hindi matuwid na nakikilala ang tunay na kalikasan ng pakikisama at paninirahan ng dalawang ito—Prakṛti at Puruṣa. Yaong nagkakamali sa pag-unawa, na hindi nalalamang magkaiba ang Prakṛti at Puruṣa, ay walang wastong pananaw; tiyak na mahuhulog sila, muli’t muli, sa kakila-kilabot na mga impiyerno. Ito ang aral ng Sāṅkhya na ipinaliwanag ko sa iyo—ang pinakadakilang pagsusuring pagbilang. Sa ganitong pagtanaw, ang mga nakaaalam ng Sāṅkhya ay nakakamit ang kaivalya, ganap na paglaya.
याज़्वल्क्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
Right knowledge requires discriminating Prakṛti (nature/matter) from Puruṣa (conscious witness). Confusing them is a philosophical error that leads to repeated suffering, while correct analytical discernment (Sāṅkhya parisaṅkhyāna) culminates in kaivalya—liberation.
In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Yājñavalkya is expounding Sāṅkhya-style analysis to his listener(s), warning against mistaken metaphysical identification and presenting discriminative knowledge as the path to freedom.