Shloka 1

Adhyāya 314 — हिमवदाश्रमः, शक्तिक्षेपकथा, तथा स्वाध्यायविधिः

Himalayan Hermitage, the Myth of the Thrown Spear, and Rules of Vedic Study

Devanagari script

अपन काता बछ। 2 चतुर्दशाधिकत्रिशततमो< ध्याय: सात्त्विक

Transliteration

yājñavalkya uvāca | ete pradhānasya guṇās trayaḥ puruṣasattama | kṛtsnasya caiva jagatas tiṣṭhanty anapagāḥ sadā ||

Translation

Wika ni Yājñavalkya: “O pinakamainam sa mga tao, ang tatlong guna ng sinaunang Kalikasan (Prakṛti)—sattva, rajas, at tamas—ay laging nananatili. Lumalaganap ang mga ito sa buong sansinukob at kailanma’y hindi humihiwalay dito.”

Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• प्रधानस्य: of Pradhāna (primordial nature)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रधान
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• गुणाः: qualities
• गुणाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• त्रयः: three
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पुरुषसत्तम: O best of men
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषसत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• कृत्स्नस्य: of the whole
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत्स्न
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• जगतः: of the world
• Type: Noun
• Root: जगत्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• तिष्ठन्ति: remain/abide
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• अनपगाः: not departing; inseparable
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनपग
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सदा: always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा

Speaker

याज़्वल्क्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yājñavalkya
• Puruṣasattama (addressee)
• Pradhāna
• Sattva
• Rajas
• Tamas
• Jagat (the universe)