Shloka 27
Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle
Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification
जब मनुष्यकी बुद्धि नष्ट हो जाती है, तब वह न्यायको नहीं देख पाता अर्थात् कर्तव्य और अकर्तव्यका निर्णय नहीं कर पाता है। इसलिये सुखका क्षय हो जानेपर प्रत्येक पुरुषको घोर तपस्या करनी चाहिये ।।
yad iṣṭaṃ tat sukhaṃ prāhur dhaiṣyaṃ duḥkham iheṣyate | kṛtākṛtasya tapasaḥ phalaṃ paśyasva yādṛśam ||
Wika ni Parāśara: “Ang ninanais ang siyang tinatawag na kaligayahan; ang sumasalungat sa loob ay itinuturing dito na pagdurusa. Kaya unawain mong malinaw kung anong uri ng bunga ang nagmumula sa tapas—kung ito’y isinasagawa o pinababayaan. Kapag gumuho ang pag-unawa at paghatol ng tao, hindi na niya nakikita ang katarungan, ibig sabihin, hindi na niya mapagpasiyahan kung alin ang dapat gawin at alin ang hindi; kaya kapag humihina ang kanyang kaligayahan, nararapat niyang yakapin ang mahigpit na pagpipigil-sa-sarili (tapas) upang maibalik ang wastong paghatol at kagalingan.”
पराशर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Happiness and suffering are framed in terms of what the mind finds agreeable or disagreeable, and the verse urges one to recognize the concrete consequences of practicing tapas (disciplined austerity) versus neglecting it—especially because loss of discernment makes one unable to judge duty and non-duty.
In Śānti Parva’s didactic setting, the sage Parāśara instructs his listener on ethical psychology: when intellect fails, moral vision is lost; therefore one should adopt rigorous self-discipline to regain clarity and secure well-being.