Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

Vidyā–Avidyā and the Twenty-Fifth Principle

Sāṃkhya–Yoga Clarification

आदित्या वसवो रुद्रास्तथैवाग्न्यश्विमारुता: । विश्वेदेवास्तथा साध्या: पितरो5थ मरुद्गणा:

ādityā vasavo rudrās tathaivāgny-aśvimārutāḥ | viśvedevās tathā sādhyāḥ pitaro 'tha marudgaṇāḥ ||

Wika ni Parāśara: “Ang mga Āditya, ang mga Vasu, ang mga Rudra; gayundin si Agni, ang mga Aśvin, at ang mga Marut; ang mga Viśvedevas at ang mga Sādhya; at ang mga Pitṛ (mga ninunong ama) at ang mga pangkat ng Marut—ang mga ito’y dapat maunawaan bilang mga dakilang uri ng mga nilalang na makalangit, na tinatawag at kinikilala sa banal na pananaw ng dharma.”

आदित्याःthe Adityas
आदित्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वसवःthe Vasus
वसवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रुद्राःthe Rudras
रुद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अग्नयःthe Fires (Agni-deities)
अग्नयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्विनौthe two Ashvins
अश्विनौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्विन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
मारुताःthe Maruts
मारुताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमारुत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विश्वेदेवाःthe All-gods (Vishvedevas)
विश्वेदेवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
साध्याःthe Sadhyas
साध्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पितरःthe Pitrs (ancestors)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
मरुद्गणाःthe hosts of Maruts
मरुद्गणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमरुद्गण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

पराशर उवाच

पराशर (Parāśara)
आदित्याः (Ādityas)
वसवः (Vasus)
रुद्राः (Rudras)
अग्नि (Agni)
अश्विनौ (Aśvins)
मरुतः (Maruts)
विश्वेदेवाः (Viśvedevas)
साध्याः (Sādhyas)
पितरः (Pitṛs)

Educational Q&A

The verse enumerates major divine and ancestral classes, reinforcing a dharmic worldview in which cosmic order is understood through recognized groups of deities and Pitṛs—important for right knowledge, reverence, and ritual orientation.

Parāśara is speaking and lists prominent celestial categories—Ādityas, Vasus, Rudras, Agni, Aśvins, Maruts, Viśvedevas, Sādhyas, and Pitṛs—likely as part of a broader exposition on cosmology, sacred beings, or the structure of dharma in Śānti Parva.