Shloka 13

Devanagari script

एवमेतानि दु:ःखानि तानि तानीह मानवम्‌ | विविधान्युपवर्तन्ते तथा संस्पर्शजान्यपि,इस प्रकार मनुष्यको इन्हीं दो कारणोंसे ये भिन्न-भिन्न प्रकारके दु:ख प्राप्त होते हैं। विषयोंकी आसक्तिसे भी ये दु:ख प्राप्त होते हैं

Transliteration

evam etāni duḥkhāni tāni tānīha mānavam | vividhāny upavartante tathā saṃsparśajāny api ||

Translation

Sinabi ni Janaka: “Kaya sa daigdig na ito, ang mismong mga pagdurusang iyon ay dumarating sa tao nang paulit-ulit sa sari-saring anyo; at gayundin, ang mga pagdurusang isinilang mula sa pakikipag-ugnay sa mga bagay ng pandama ay lumilitaw sa kaparehong paraan.”

Word by Word

एवम्thus, in this way

एतानिthese

दुःखानिsufferings, pains

तानिthose

तानिthose (same ones)

इहhere, in this world

मानवम्a human (person)

विविधानिvarious, diverse

उपवर्तन्तेoccur, befall, come upon

तथाlikewise, also

संस्पर्शजानिborn of contact (sense-contact)

अपिalso, even

Speaker

जनक उवाच

Characters & Entities

Janaka

mānava (human being)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Suffering repeatedly arises for human beings in varied forms, especially through sensory contact and attachment to objects; recognizing this supports restraint and detachment as ethical disciplines.

What is happening in the narrative?

King Janaka is instructing about the sources and recurrence of human suffering, emphasizing that pains are not random but arise through identifiable causes such as contact with sense-objects.