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Shloka 5

कालनियमः शोकशमनं च

Kāla as Regulator; Pacification of Grief

“धनंजय! सम्पूर्ण धर्मोंको जाननेवाले जो लोग ब्रह्मचर्य-आश्रममें स्थित हो ऋषियोंकी स्वाध्याय-परम्पराकी सदैव रक्षा करते हैं, देवता उन्हें ही ब्राह्मण मानते हैं ।। स्वाध्यायनिष्ठान्‌ हि ऋषीन्‌ ज्ञाननिष्ठांस्तथापरान्‌ । बुद्धोथा: संततं चापि धर्मनिष्ठानू धनंजय,“अर्जुन! तुम्हें सदा यह समझना चाहिये कि ऋषियोंमेंसे कुछ लोग वेद-शास्त्रोंके स्वाध्यायमें ही तत्पर रहते हैं, कुछ ज्ञानोपार्जनमें संलग्न होते हैं और कुछ लोग धर्म-पालनमें ही निष्ठा रखते हैं

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: Dhanañjaya! sampūrṇa-dharmān jānanti ye janā brahmacaryāśrame sthitāḥ, ṛṣīṇāṃ svādhyāya-paramparāṃ sadā rakṣanti; devāḥ tān eva brāhmaṇān manyante. Svādhyāya-niṣṭhān hi ṛṣīn jñāna-niṣṭhāṃs tathāparān, buddho ’thaḥ santataṃ cāpi dharma-niṣṭhān, Dhanañjaya.

Wika ni Vaiśampāyana: “O Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), yaong ganap na nakaaalam ng dharma, nananatili sa disiplina ng brahmacarya, at patuloy na nag-iingat sa salinlahi ng svādhyāya ng mga ṛṣi—sila lamang ang itinuturing ng mga diyos na tunay na brāhmaṇa. At unawain mo rin, O Dhanañjaya, na sa mga ṛṣi ay may ilan na matatag sa banal na pagbigkas at pag-aaral, may ilan na nakatuon sa paghahanap ng kaalaman, at may ilan na matibay na nakaugat sa pagsasabuhay ng dharma.”

स्वाध्यायनिष्ठान्devoted to self-study
स्वाध्यायनिष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्यायनिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
ऋषीन्sages
ऋषीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ज्ञाननिष्ठान्devoted to knowledge
ज्ञाननिष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञाननिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अपरान्others
अपरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बुद्ध्वाhaving understood
बुद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for ktvā)
अथthen/now
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
संततम्constantly/always
संततम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसंतत (प्रातिपदिक)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
धर्मनिष्ठान्devoted to dharma
धर्मनिष्ठान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मनिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
धनंजयO Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
Ṛṣis
D
Devas
B
Brahmacarya-āśrama
B
Brāhmaṇa
S
Svādhyāya-paramparā

Educational Q&A

True brāhmaṇa-hood is grounded in disciplined life (brahmacarya), preservation of the Vedic learning tradition (svādhyāya-paramparā), and steadfastness in one’s chosen spiritual orientation—study, knowledge, or dharmic conduct—rather than in mere social label.

Vaiśampāyana addresses Arjuna (Dhanañjaya) and classifies sages by their primary commitments—Vedic study, pursuit of knowledge, or practice of dharma—while affirming that the gods recognize as brāhmaṇas those who live with restraint and protect the lineage of sacred learning.