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Shloka 10

धर्मलक्षण-प्रश्नः (Marks and Sources of Dharma) | Chapter 251: Inquiry into the Definition of Dharma

पज्चानां भूतसंघानां संततिं मुनयो विदु: । मनो नवममेषां तु बुद्धिस्तु दशमी स्मृता

pañcānāṃ bhūtasaṅghānāṃ santatiṃ munayo viduḥ | mano navamam eṣāṃ tu buddhis tu daśamī smṛtā ||

Sinabi ni Vyāsa: Nauunawaan ng mga pantas na mula sa kabuuan ng limang dakilang elemento ay sumisibol pa ang sunod-sunod na mga prinsipyo. Sa mga ito, ang isip (manas) ay itinuturing na ikasiyam, at ang talino o buddhi ay inaalala bilang ikasampu. Sa aral na ito, ang mga panloob na kasangkapan na nagtutulak sa pagdama at pagkilos ay binibilang na magkakahiwalay na realidad, na nagpapakita kung paanong ang kamangmangan at bugso ng pagnanasa ay humuhubog sa asal kung hindi gagabayan ng mapanuring buddhi.

पञ्चानाम्of five
पञ्चानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपञ्च
Form—, Genitive, Plural
भूत-संघानाम्of the aggregates of elements (beings)
भूत-संघानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत-संघ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
संततिम्progeny; continuation; product
संततिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंतति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
मुनयःsages
मुनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विदुःknow; have known
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नवमम्ninth
नवमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनवम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
तुbut; indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तुand/but (emphatic)
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दशमीtenth
दशमी:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
स्मृताis remembered/considered
स्मृता:
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ (क्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
munayaḥ (sages)
P
pañca mahābhūtāni (five great elements)
M
manas (mind)
B
buddhi (intellect)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a tattva-counting: beyond the five great elements, sages recognize further principles, specifically identifying mind as the ninth and intellect as the tenth. Ethically, it implies that right action depends on buddhi governing manas, preventing ignorance-driven conduct.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional setting, Vyāsa delivers a doctrinal explanation to clarify how reality and the inner faculties are classified. The focus is not on external events but on teaching a framework for understanding the mind–intellect complex that underlies moral choice.