Shloka 3

Adhyāya 240: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman — The Inner Hierarchy and Restraint (इन्द्रिय-मनस्-बुद्धि-आत्म-क्रमः)

Devanagari script

तदेतदुपशान्तेन दान्तेनाध्यात्मशीलिना

Transliteration

tadetadupaśāntena dāntenādhyātmaśīlinā

Translation

Ang aral na ito ay dapat tanggapin at isabuhay ng taong payapa sa loob, may pagpipigil sa sarili, at nakatuon sa disiplina ng Sarili—upang ang turo ay maging pagbabagong-asal na makatarungan, hindi lamang pagkatuto.

Word by Word

तत्that

एतत्this

उपशान्तेनby/with one who is calmed, tranquil

दान्तेनby/with one who is self-controlled

अध्यात्मशीलिनाby/with one devoted to the inner self/spiritual discipline

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vyāsa

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes eligibility for higher instruction: true understanding arises in a person who is tranquil, senses-controlled, and committed to inner spiritual discipline. Ethical maturity and inner restraint are presented as prerequisites for assimilating dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa continues a didactic passage in the Śānti Parva, indicating the kind of listener or practitioner suited to receive the preceding or forthcoming teaching—someone calm, disciplined, and oriented toward adhyātma.