Brāhmaṇa-kṛtya, Āśrama-niyama, and Dāna-prasaṃsā
Duties of the Brāhmaṇa, āśrama discipline, and praise of giving
भवाभवीो त्वभिजानन् गरीयो ज्ञानाच्छेयो न तु तद् वै करोमि । आशासु धर्म्यासु परासु कुर्वन् यथा नियुक्तोडस्मि तथा वहामि
bhāvābhāvau tv abhijānann garīyo jñānāc chreyo na tu tad vai karomi | āśāsu dharmyāsu parāsu kurvan yathā niyukto ’smi tathā vahāmi ||
Wika ni Bhishma: “Nauunawaan ko ang pag-angat at pagbagsak ng mga nilalang; batid ko rin ang higit na kabutihan at na ang tunay na kapakanan ay nakakamtan sa pamamagitan ng kaalaman. Gayunman, hindi ko isinasabuhay ang kaalamang iyon. Sa halip, inuudyukan ng mga pag-asa—may naaayon sa dharma, may salungat—ginagampanan ko ang aking mga tungkulin ayon sa itinutulak ng ‘Panloob na Tagapamahala’.”
भीष्म उवाच
The verse highlights the gap between knowing the good (śreyas) through knowledge and actually living it. It also reflects on how human action is often driven by desires and mixed motives, while one experiences oneself as being impelled by an inner directing principle (antaryāmin), raising questions about self-mastery and moral responsibility.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma speaks introspectively about human conduct: despite understanding what leads to true welfare, he admits failing to enact it and instead continuing to bear responsibilities as prompted from within, with hopes that may be righteous or unrighteous.