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Shloka 13

Śānti-parva 206: Guṇa-hetu Moha, Kāma-krodha Chain, Indriya-utpatti, and Nirodha

इस जगतमें पृथ्वीके रूपसे जलका ही रूप महान्‌ है। जलसे तेज अति महान है

bhīṣma uvāca | asmin jagati pṛthivī-rūpeṇa jalasyaiva rūpaṃ mahān | jalāt tejo 'ti-mahān, tejaso vāyur mahān, vāyor ākāśaṃ mahān | ākāśān manaḥ parataraṃ sūkṣmaṃ śreṣṭhaṃ mahān | manaso buddhir mahān, buddheḥ kālaḥ (prakṛtiḥ) mahān, kālād bhagavān viṣṇur anantaḥ sūkṣmaḥ śreṣṭho mahān | etat sarvaṃ jagat tasyaiva sṛṣṭiḥ | tasya bhagavato viṣṇor na kaścid ādir na madhyaṃ nānto 'sti || anāditvād amadhyatvād anantatvāc ca so 'vyayaḥ | atyeti sarva-duḥkhāni; duḥkhaṃ hi kṣayavad ucyate ||

Wika ni Bhīṣma: “Sa daigdig na ito, ang anyong tinatawag na ‘lupa’ ay sa katotohanan isang dakilang pagpapakita ng tubig. Higit sa tubig ang apoy; higit sa apoy ang hangin; higit sa hangin ang kalawakan. Lampas sa kalawakan ang isip—mas banayad, mas mataas, at mas dakila. Higit sa isip ang talino (buddhi); higit sa talino ang Panahon, samakatuwid ang Prakṛti. Lampas sa Panahon ay ang Mapalad na Panginoong Viṣṇu—walang hanggan, banayad, sukdulan, at dakila. Ang buong sansinukob na ito ay Kanyang nilikha. Sa Panginoong Viṣṇu ay walang pasimula, walang gitna, at walang wakas. Sapagkat Siya’y walang simula, gitna, at wakas, Siya’y di-nasisira; kaya’t nalalampasan Niya ang lahat ng dalamhati, sapagkat ang dalamhati’y sinasabing nauukol sa mga bagay na napapailalim sa pagkabulok.”

अनादित्वात्from beginninglessness
अनादित्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनादित्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अमध्यत्वात्from having no middle
अमध्यत्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअमध्यत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
अनन्तत्वात्from endlessness
अनन्तत्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनन्तत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उद्व्ययःimperishable/unchanging
उद्व्ययः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्व्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अत्येतिsurpasses/goes beyond
अत्येति:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + इ (धातु: इ)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सर्वall
सर्व:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
दुःखानिsufferings
दुःखानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
दुःखम्suffering
दुःखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हन्तवत्as if having a slayer / as if destructive
हन्तवत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहन्तवत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु: वच्)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive (Karmani)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vishnu
E
earth (pṛthivī)
W
water (jala)
F
fire (tejas)
W
wind/air (vāyu/pavana)
S
space (ākāśa)
M
mind (manas)
I
intellect (buddhi)
T
time (kāla)
P
prakṛti
U
universe/world (jagat)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma presents a graded hierarchy from gross elements up to mind, intellect, and Time/Prakriti, culminating in Vishnu as the supreme, beginningless and endless reality. Because the Lord is imperishable (not subject to decay), He is beyond all sorrow, which is tied to perishable things.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma is teaching about ultimate reality and the causes of suffering. He explains a cosmological and psychological ascent and identifies Vishnu as the source of the universe and as transcending the cycle of change that produces grief.