Shloka 20
Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra
परिचित मनुष्यसे जब-जब भेंट हो, सदा उसका कुशल-समाचार पूछे। सायंकाल और प्रातः:काल दोनों समय ब्राह्मणोंको प्रणाम करे, यह शास्त्रकी आज्ञा है ।।
paricita-manuṣyena yathā-yathaiva saṅgamo bhavet, sadā tasya kuśala-samācāraṃ pṛcchet | sāyaṃkāle prātaḥkāle ca brāhmaṇān praṇamet—eṣā śāstrasya ājñā || devāgāre gavāṃ madhye brāhmaṇānāṃ kriyāpathe | svādhyāye bhojane caiva dakṣiṇaṃ pāṇim uddharet ||
Wika ni Bhīṣma: “Sa tuwing makakatagpo ang isang taong kilala, laging magtanong ng balita ng kanyang kalagayan. At sa dapithapon at sa umaga, kapwa, dapat yumukod at magbigay-galang sa mga Brāhmaṇa—ito ang utos ng banal na aral. Sa templo, sa gitna ng mga baka, sa mga gawaing ritwal ng mga Brāhmaṇa, sa oras ng svādhyāya (pag-aaral ng Veda), at habang kumakain, gamitin ang kanang kamay—upang mapanatili ang kalinisan, paggalang, at wastong asal sa mga pook at sandaling itinuturing na sadyang banal.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches everyday dharma (ācāra): maintain courteous social bonds by asking after others’ well-being, show regular reverence to Brāhmaṇas morning and evening, and observe purity/respect norms—especially using the right hand in sacred contexts (temple, among cows, during rituals, during scriptural study, and while eating).
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on righteous living after the war. Here he gives practical rules of daily conduct—how to greet others, whom to honor regularly, and how to behave in ritually significant places and times.