Shloka 1
Adhyāya 164: Gautama as Guest; Kaśyapa’s Satkāra and the Fourfold Arthagati; Journey to Virūpākṣa
ऑपनआक्रात बछ। 2 त्रेषष्ट्याधिकशततमोब< ध्याय: काम
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | yataḥ prabhavati krodhaḥ kāmo vā bharatarṣabha | śoko moho ’vadhititsā ca parāsutvaṃ tathā madaḥ |
Sinabi ni Yudhiṣṭhira: “O bantog sa angkan ng Bharata, O pinakadakilang marunong na lolo—saan nagmumula ang mga kapintasan na ito: galit at pagnanasa; dalamhati at pagkalito; udyok na gumawa ng laban sa wastong tuntunin; pagnanais na lipulin ang iba; at pagkalasing ng pagmamataas? Ipaunawa po ninyo nang malinaw ang tunay na pinagmulan ng mga ito.”
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames an ethical inquiry: major inner faults—anger, desire, grief, delusion, transgressive impulse, murderous hostility, and pride—have identifiable causes, and understanding their origin is the first step toward their restraint and removal.
In Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully asks the elder teacher (Bhīṣma) to explain the causal source of destructive mental states, setting up a discourse on diagnosing and overcoming moral and psychological दोष (doṣas).