आपद्धर्मनिर्णयः — विश्वामित्र-श्वपचसंवादः
Apaddharma Determination: Dialogue of Viśvāmitra and the Śvapaca
प्रियो भवति दानेन प्रियवादेन चापर:
priyo bhavati dānena priyavādena cāparaḥ | mantrahomajapair anyaḥ kāryārthaṁ prīyate janaḥ ||
Wika ni Bhishma: Ang tao’y nagiging minamahal sa pamamagitan ng pagkakawanggawa; ang iba nama’y nakakamit ang paglingap sa pamamagitan ng kaaya-ayang pananalita. Mayroon ding nakakakuha ng mabuting kalooban ng mga tao sa pagsasagawa ng pagbigkas ng mantra, paghahandog sa apoy (homa), at japa upang magtagumpay ang isang gawain. Kaya’t ang mga tao’y napalulugod sa iba’t ibang paraan, ayon sa kanilang layunin at likas na pagkatao.
भीष्म उवाच
Bhishma teaches that people’s goodwill is gained through different avenues—generosity, pleasing speech, or ritual/spiritual acts—often shaped by one’s purpose (kāryārtha) and the audience’s disposition. Ethical conduct includes knowing which means are appropriate and not mistaking external acts for inner virtue.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction section, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on dharma and practical governance. Here he notes, in a concise observation, the various ways individuals seek and obtain favor or affection in society.