Shloka 1
आपद्धर्मे कोशबलन्यायः | Treasury, Force, and Crisis-Ethics for the King
ऑपन-माज बक। डे सप्तविशर्त्याधेकशततमो< ध्याय: ऋषभका राजा सुमित्रको वीरद्युम्न और तनु मुनिका वृत्तान्त सुनाना भीष्म उवाच ततस्तेषां समस्तानामृषीणामृषिसत्तम: । ऋषभो नाम विदप्रर्षिविस्मयन्निदमब्रवीत्
bhīṣma uvāca | tatas teṣāṃ samastānām ṛṣīṇām ṛṣisattamaḥ | ṛṣabho nāma brahmarṣir vismayann idam abravīt ||
Wika ni Bhishma: Pagkaraan nito, sa gitna ng lahat ng nagkakatipong mga rishi, ang pinakadakila sa mga nakakakita—ang Brahmarshi na nagngangalang Rishabha—na namangha sa naganap, ay nagsalita ng mga salitang ito. Sa balangkas-etikal ng Śānti Parva, hudyat ito ng paglipat: isang rishing ganap ang pagkaunawa, na ginising ng pagkamangha, ay maghahayag ng aral upang patatagin ang loob at linawin ang dharma para kay Yudhishthira.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
This opening verse functions as a framing device: it establishes that a foremost sage (Rishabha) is about to speak, implying that the forthcoming instruction carries authoritative weight for understanding dharma and right conduct—especially relevant to Yudhishthira’s moral recovery in the Shanti Parva.
Bhishma narrates that, after certain events, the gathered sages are present; among them, the Brahmarshi Rishabha, filled with wonder, begins to speak. The verse marks the handover from narration to a sage’s direct discourse.