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Shloka 10

Adhyāya 118: Saciva-parīkṣā

Testing and Appointment of Ministers/Servants

दृष्टवा च सो5भवत्‌ सिंहो वन्‍यो भयसमन्वित: । स चाश्रमे5वसत्‌ सिंहस्तस्मिन्नेव महावने,उसे देखकर जंगली सिंह स्वयं ही डर गया। वह सिंह बना हुआ कुत्ता महावनमें उसी आश्रममें रहने लगा

dṛṣṭvā ca so 'bhavat siṁho vanyo bhayasamanvitaḥ | sa cāśrame 'vasat siṁhas tasminn eva mahāvane ||

Nang makita siya, ang mabangis na leon mismo ay napuno ng takot. At ang leon na iyon ay nanatili sa ashram, sa loob ng dakilang gubat na yaon.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became / was
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सिंहःlion
सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वन्यःwild, of the forest
वन्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भयसमन्वितःendowed with fear, frightened
भयसमन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootभय-समन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past participle) from सम्-अन्वि/अन्वि
सःand he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रमेin the hermitage
आश्रमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अवसत्dwelt, stayed
अवसत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
Formलङ् (imperfect/past), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सिंहःthe lion
सिंहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
महावनेin the great forest
महावने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहावन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

S
siṁha (lion)
Ā
āśrama (hermitage)
M
mahāvana (great forest)

Educational Q&A

Fear and power are not fixed; they can shift with circumstance and perception. The verse underscores how outward conditions (or a changed form/role within a story) can invert expected hierarchies, inviting reflection on steadiness, discernment, and the ethical consequences of acting from fear.

A wild lion sees someone/something and becomes frightened. Contrary to expectation, the lion does not dominate but instead remains living near the hermitage within the great forest, indicating a reversal of the usual predator’s confidence and setting up a moral point about fear and conduct.