Shloka 17
Jaitrya-nimitta: Signs of Prospective Victory and the Priority of Conciliation (जयलक्षण-निमित्त तथा सान्त्व-प्रधान नीति)
युधिष्ठिर! विशाल चतुरंगिणी सेना एकत्र कर लेनेके बाद भी तुम्हें पहले सामनीतिके द्वारा शत्रुसे सन्धि करनेका ही प्रयास करना चाहिये। यदि वह सफल न हो तो युद्धके लिये प्रयत्न करना उचित है ।।
Yudhiṣṭhira! viśālāṃ caturaṅgiṇīṃ senām ekatra kṛtvāpi tvaṃ pūrvaṃ sāmnītyā śatrunā saha sandhiṃ kartum eva prayatethāḥ. yadi sa na sidhyet, tato yuddhāya prayatnaḥ kartum ucitaḥ. jaghanya eṣa vijayo yad yuddha-nāma, Bhārata. yādṛcchiko yudhi jayo daivo veti vicāraṇam, Bharatanandana; yuddhena yo jayaḥ prāpyate sa nīca eva mataḥ. yuddha-jayaḥ sahasā prāpnoti vā daiva-icchayā; asya pūrvaniścayo na vidyate.
Wika ni Bhishma: “Yudhishthira, kahit na naipon mo na ang napakalaking hukbong may apat na sangay, dapat mo munang sikaping makipagkasundo sa kaaway sa pamamagitan ng maingat na pamamahala at matalinong patakaran ng kaharian. Kung hindi magtagumpay, saka nararapat na magsikap para sa digmaan. Sapagkat ang ganitong tagumpay—ang tagumpay sa pamamagitan ng digmaan—ay itinuturing na pinakamababa. Ang panalo sa labanan ay dumarating alinman sa purong pagkakataon o sa kalooban ng tadhana; ito’y bagay na dapat pagnilayan, O ligaya ng angkan ng Bharata, at hindi matitiyak nang ganap bago pa man.”
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Even with overwhelming military strength, a ruler should first pursue peace through diplomacy (sāma-nīti and sandhi). War is a last resort, and victory gained through war is ethically inferior because it depends heavily on chance and fate rather than stable, predictable righteousness.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on kingship and conduct, Bhīṣma counsels Yudhiṣṭhira on state policy: attempt reconciliation and treaty-making first; only if peace fails should one proceed to war, recognizing the uncertainty and moral cost of battlefield victory.