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Shloka 19

शक्तिसे समस्त राजाओंको तथा धर्मसेवनद्वारा ऋषियोंको भी जीत लेते हो। तुम इन्द्रसे मनमें विजयका उत्साह प्राप्त करो। क्रोधको काबूमें रखनेका पाठ यमराजसे सीखो। तथा विसर्गे कौबेरे वारुणे चैव संयमे । आत्मप्रदानं सौम्यत्वमद्धयश्नैवोपजीवनम्‌,उदारता एवं दानमें कुबेरका और संयममें वरुणका आदर्श ग्रहण करो। दूसरोंके हितके लिये अपने-आपको निछावर करना, सौम्यभाव (शीतलता) तथा दूसरोंको जीवन-दान देना --इन सब बातोंकी शिक्षा तुम्हें जलसे लेनी चाहिये

śaktyā samastān rājño 'pi tathā dharmasevanād ṛṣīn api jayināsi | indrasya manasi vijayotsāhaṁ gṛhāṇa | yamarājāt krodhaniyamaśikṣām adhīhi | visarge kaubere vāruṇe caiva saṁyame | ātmapradānaṁ saumyatvam adhyāśnair evopajīvanam | udāratā ca dāne kauberaṁ saṁyame vāruṇaṁ ca ādarśaṁ gṛhāṇa | pareṣāṁ hitārthaṁ svātmānaṁ nivedanam, saumyabhāvaḥ (śītalatā), tathā jīvadānam—etāḥ śikṣāḥ tvayā jalāt grahītavyāḥ ||

Sabi ni Vidura: “Sa sarili mong lakas, mapapasuko mo ang lahat ng hari; at sa paglilingkod sa dharma, mapagwawagi mo maging ang mga rishi. Mula kay Indra, ilagay sa puso ang sigasig ng tagumpay. Mula kay Yama, matutuhan ang disiplina ng pagpipigil sa galit. Sa kagandahang-loob at pagbibigay, gawing huwaran si Kubera; sa pagpipigil sa sarili, gawing huwaran si Varuṇa. At mula sa tubig, matutuhan ito: ialay ang sarili para sa kapakanan ng iba, manatiling banayad at malamig ang loob, at magpanatili ng buhay—magbigay-buhay at umalalay sa kapwa.”

विसर्गेin (the matter of) giving/charity
विसर्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविसर्ग
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कौबेरेin (the ideal) of Kubera
कौबेरे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootकौबेर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वारुणेin (the ideal) of Varuṇa
वारुणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवारुण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
संयमेin self-restraint
संयमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
आत्मप्रदानम्self-surrender/self-offering
आत्मप्रदानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मप्रदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सौम्यत्वम्gentleness/pleasantness
सौम्यत्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौम्यत्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अद्धयश्नैवand (also) by eating/partaking (directly)
अद्धयश्नैव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्धयश्न + एव
उपजीवनम्livelihood/sustenance
उपजीवनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपजीवन

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
I
Indra
Y
Yamaraja (Yama)
K
Kubera
V
Varuna
R
Rishis
K
Kings
W
Water (Jala)

Educational Q&A

Vidura teaches a ruler to cultivate victory-minded courage (Indra), strict restraint over anger (Yama), generosity in giving (Kubera), and disciplined self-control (Varuna), while learning from water the virtues of life-sustaining service, cool gentleness, and self-offering for others’ welfare.

In the Sabha Parva’s counsel-setting, Vidura addresses the ruler with ethical instruction (nīti), presenting divine exemplars and the natural symbol of water to shape ideal royal conduct—power guided by dharma, controlled emotions, generosity, and beneficent service.