Shloka 70

अध्याय ९ — कर्णस्य प्रहारः, योधयुग्मनियोजनम्, शैनेय-कैकेययोर्युद्धविन्यासः

Devanagari script

येन मन्दः सहायेन क्रात्रा दःशासनेन च

Transliteration

yena mandaḥ sahāyena krātrā daḥśāsanena ca

Translation

Sinabi ni Vaiśaṃpāyana: “Dahil kanino—dahil sa isang kakamping mapurol ang isip, at dahil din sa marahas na lakas ni Duḥśāsana—naidulot ang ganitong landas ng pangyayari.”

Word by Word

• येन: by whom/whereby
• येन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• मन्दः: dull/slow (one)
• मन्दः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मन्द
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहायेन: with/by a helper/ally
• सहायेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहाय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• क्रात्रा: by strength/power
• क्रात्रा: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रात्र
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• दःशासनेन: by Duhshasana
• दःशासनेन: Karana
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Duḥśāsana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores that adharma is often advanced by a combination of poor judgment (a ‘manda’ ally) and deliberate brutality (Duḥśāsana’s harsh force). Ethically, it warns that wrong outcomes are enabled both by foolish counsel and by violent execution.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana, narrating the events of the Karṇa Parva, alludes to the agents and means by which a harmful course of action is carried forward—specifically invoking a misguided helper and Duḥśāsana’s violent support as contributing factors.