Shloka 4

Devanagari script

दृष्टवा तु तत्‌ कर्म कृतं सुदुष्करं प्रापूजयन्‌ सर्वयोधा: प्रहृष्टा:

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | dṛṣṭvā tu tat karma kṛtaṃ suduṣkaraṃ prāpūjayan sarvayodhāḥ prahṛṣṭāḥ |

Translation

Wika ni Sañjaya: Nang makita nilang naisakatuparan ang gawaing lubhang mahirap, ang lahat ng mandirigma ay nagalak, nagpugay, at nagbunyi ng papuri sa kanya. Pagkaraan, agad na tinamaan ng anak mo si Bhīmasena ng isang palaso at nagdulot ng malalim na sugat; muling nag-alab ang poot ni Bhīma, at sa pagtitig niya sa kanya, mabilis siyang nagliyab sa galit.

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• कर्म: deed/action
• कर्म: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• कृतम्: done/performed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), neuter, accusative, singular

• सुदुष्करम्: very difficult (to do)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुदुष्कर
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• प्रापूजयन्: they praised/honoured
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + पूज्
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada

• सर्वयोधाः: all the warriors
• सर्वयोधाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वयोध
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• प्रहृष्टाः: delighted
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रहृष्ट
• Form: क्त (past participle used adjectivally), masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• आपके पुत्र / दुर्योधन (Duryodhana)
• भीमसेन (Bhīmasena)
• सर्वयोधाः (the assembled warriors)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how public acclaim of a difficult martial feat can intensify rivalry: praise fuels pride and provocation, while injury fuels wrath—showing the ethical danger of unchecked anger and the chain reaction of violence in war.

What is happening in the narrative?

After a formidable deed is witnessed, the warriors rejoice and praise the doer. Immediately afterward, Duryodhana strikes Bhīma with an arrow, causing a severe wound; Bhīma’s anger surges as he turns his gaze toward Duryodhana, ready to retaliate.