Shloka 42
कृष्णेन अर्जुनस्य प्रोत्साहनम् — Kṛṣṇa’s Exhortation to Arjuna
Prelude to Karṇa’s Slaying
भारत! प्रभो! रणभूमिमें कितने ही योद्धा एक-दूसरेको अपने और पिताके नाम तथा गोत्र सुनाते थे। प्रजानाथ! नाम और गोत्र सुनाते हुए बहुतेरे योद्धा शक्ति, तोमर और पट्टिशोंद्वारा एक-दूसरेको धूलमें मिला रहे थे ।।
bhārata prabho raṇabhūmau katineha yoddhā anyonyam ātmanaḥ pituś ca nāma gotraṃ ca śrāvayantaḥ | prajānātha nāmagotraṃ śrāvayantaḥ bahavo yoddhāḥ śaktyā tomaraiḥ paṭṭiśaiś ca anyonyam dhūliṣu nyapatan || vartamāne tu yuddhe ghora-rūpe sudāruṇe | vyaṣīdat kauravī senā bhinnā naur iva sāgare ||
Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “O Bhārata, O panginoon! Sa larangan ng digmaan, maraming mandirigma ang nagtatawagan, binibigkas ang sariling pangalan, ang pangalan ng ama, at ang kanilang angkan. O tagapamahala ng mga tao, kahit habang isinisigaw ang pangalan at gotra, di-mabilang na mga mandirigma ang nagbagsakan sa isa’t isa sa pamamagitan ng sibat, tomara, at palakol-pandigma, inihahagis ang kapwa sa alikabok. Habang nagpapatuloy nang walang patid ang kakila-kilabot at ubod-lupit na labanan, ang hukbong Kaurava—wasak at watak-watak—ay nawalan ng loob, gaya ng bangkang nabasag sa dagat.”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the tragic irony of war: even while warriors assert identity through name, father, and lineage—markers of social order and dharma—the battle reduces them to dust. It underscores how unchecked violence fractures not only bodies and armies but also morale, leading to collective despair.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the fighting has become extremely fierce. Warriors shout their names and clans as they engage, striking each other with spears, javelins, and axes. As the dreadful combat continues, the Kaurava forces become shattered and demoralized, compared to a boat broken apart at sea.