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Shloka 47

कृष्णोपदेशः, अर्जुनस्य क्षमा-याचनम्, कर्णवध-अनुज्ञा

Krishna’s Counsel, Arjuna’s Apology, and Authorization for Karṇa’s Slaying

ततस्ते प्राद्रवन्‌ भीता: प्रतीपं प्रहिता: पुन: । महामात्रैस्तमावत्रुमेंघा इव दिवाकरम्‌

tatas te prādravan bhītāḥ pratīpaṃ prahitāḥ punaḥ | mahāmātraiḥ tam āvṛtāḥ meghā iva divākaram ||

Wika ni Sañjaya: “Pagkaraan, ang mga elepanteng iyon ay sinakmal ng takot at nagsitakbo. Ngunit nang muli silang itulak ng mga mahout pabalik laban sa kaaway, pumalibot sila kay Bhīmasena at tinakpan siya—gaya ng mga ulap na bumabalot sa araw.”

ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
प्राद्रवन्ran away/fled
प्राद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + द्रु
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd person, plural, parasmaipada
भीताःfrightened
भीताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
प्रतीपम्backwards/against (the direction)
प्रतीपम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रतीप
Formindeclinable (adverbial accusative usage)
प्रहिताःsent/impelled
प्रहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र + हि (धातु: हि/हिण् ‘to send/impel’)
Formmasculine, nominative, plural (past passive participle)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
Formindeclinable
महामात्रैःby the mahouts/elephant-drivers
महामात्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहामात्र
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
आवृतम्covered/encircled
आवृतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + वृ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular (past passive participle)
मेघाःclouds
मेघाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेघ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formindeclinable
दिवाकरम्the sun
दिवाकरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिवाकर
Formmasculine, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
E
elephants
M
mahouts (mahāmātra)
B
Bhīmasena
S
sun (Divākara)
C
clouds (megha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral tension of warfare: fear causes even powerful creatures to break, while human command and coercion force them back into danger. Against this, Bhīma’s steadiness is implied—true valor is tested when one is ‘covered’ by overwhelming opposition.

Elephants on the battlefield panic and run. Their mahouts turn them back toward the enemy, and they mass around Bhīmasena, surrounding him so densely that he is compared to the sun hidden by clouds.