Shloka 40

कर्णस्य दानप्रतिज्ञा–शल्योपदेश–वाक्ययुद्धम्

Karna’s Gift-Vows, Shalya’s Counsel, and the Battle of Words

Devanagari script

समासक्तस्य चान्येन अविज्ञातस्तथापर:

Transliteration

samāsaktasya cānyena avijñātas tathāparaḥ

Translation

Wika ni Sañjaya: Kapag ang isa’y lubhang nakasangkot, hindi siya nakikilala ng iba; gayundin, ang isa pa man ay nananatiling di-nakikilala.

Word by Word

• समासक्तस्य: of one who is attached/engaged
• समासक्तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समासक्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अन्येन: by another (person/thing)
• अन्येन: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• अविज्ञातः: unknown/unrecognized
• अविज्ञातः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अविज्ञात
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: thus/likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• अपरः: another/other (one)
• अपरः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Excessive attachment (samāsakti) obscures recognition and right understanding; it prevents people from seeing each other clearly and thus undermines wise, ethical judgment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya comments on a situation in the battle narrative where intense involvement and attachment lead to misrecognition or failure to properly identify/understand the other, highlighting confusion amid war.