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Shloka 35

Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 20 — Yudhiṣṭhira–Duryodhana Encounter and Escalation of Arms

ध्वजा: शिरांसि च्छत्राणि द्विपहस्ता नृणां भुजा: । क्षुरेर्भल्लार्धचन्द्रैश्न च्छिन्ना: पेतुर्महीतले

sañjaya uvāca |

dhvajāḥ śirāṃsi cchatrāṇi dvipahastā nṛṇāṃ bhujāḥ |

kṣuraiḥ bhallārdhacandraiś ca cchinnāḥ petur mahītale ||

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “Mga watawat, mga ulong napugutan, at mga payong na bumagsak—kasama ang mga nguso (trunk) ng elepante at mga bisig ng tao—na pinutol ng mga talim na kasingtulis ng labaha, mga sibat na may tinik, at mga palasong hugis gasuklay; lahat ay nagkalat na bumagsak sa lupa. Ipinahayag ng tanawing iyon ang walang-awang bugso ng digmaan: ang dangal at ang pananggalang ay kapwa ibinagsak, at ang halaga ng karahasan ay naging lantad sa nagkalat na sagisag ng ranggo at sa mga katawang wasak.”

ध्वजाःbanners/standards
ध्वजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शिरांसिheads
शिरांसि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
छत्राणिumbrellas/parasol standards
छत्राणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootछत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
द्विपहस्ताःelephants' trunks (lit. elephant-hands)
द्विपहस्ताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विपहस्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
नृणाम्of men
नृणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
भुजाःarms
भुजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभुज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षुरैःby razors/razor-edged (weapons)
क्षुरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भल्लैःby darts/spears (bhalla missiles)
भल्लैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अर्धचन्द्रैःby half-moon (crescent-shaped) arrows
अर्धचन्द्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्धचन्द्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
छिन्नाःcut off/severed
छिन्नाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootछिद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle)
पेतुःfell
पेतुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Plural
महीतलेon the ground/on the earth's surface
महीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहीतल
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
dhvaja (battle standards)
C
cchatra (royal parasols)
E
elephants (dvipāḥ)
M
men/warriors (nara/nṛ)
W
weapons: kṣura, bhalla, ardhacandra

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the stark impermanence of power and status in war: banners and royal parasols—symbols of authority—fall alongside severed limbs and heads. Ethically, it confronts the listener with the tangible cost of violence even within the framework of kṣatriya-dharma, where duty in battle does not erase the tragedy of destruction.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield at a moment of intense fighting: sharp weapons and specialized arrows are cutting down standards, parasols, elephant trunks, and warriors’ arms, which then fall scattered on the ground—an image of overwhelming carnage and collapsing martial order.