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Shloka 37

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

तमेवमुपलक्ष्यैको हृष्ट: पुष्ट: परंतप

sañjaya uvāca | tam evam upalakṣyaiko hṛṣṭaḥ puṣṭaḥ paraṃtapa | jighāṃsantaṃ yudhāṃ śreṣṭha tadā āsīt tumulaṃ mahat ||

Sinabi ni Sañjaya: “O tagasunog ng mga kaaway, nang makita niya iyon, si Bhīṣma lamang ang napasigla at tumibay ang loob. Nang ang pinakadakila sa mga mandirigma, taglay ang hangaring pumatay, ay sumulong at dumiin, sumiklab ang isang napakalaki at magulong sagupaan. Ipinahihiwatig ng taludtod ang diwang-dharma: ang beteranong nakagapos sa katapatan sa sariling panig—isinantabi ang takot at pagkapit sa buhay—ay inihahagis ang sarili sa kakila-kilabot na tungkulin ng digmaan, habang lumulubha ang karahasan sa paligid.”

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उपलक्ष्यhaving noticed/observed
उपलक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लक्ष्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
एकःalone, one (person)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हृष्टःthrilled, delighted
हृष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुष्टःinvigorated, strengthened
पुष्टः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुष्ट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परंतपO scorcher of foes (epithet)
परंतप:
TypeNoun
Rootपरंतप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जिघांसन्तम्wishing to kill
जिघांसन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (desiderative: जिघांस्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
युधाम्of battles/warriors (lit. of fights)
युधाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठO best (of ...)
श्रेष्ठ:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
आसीत्was/arose
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तुमुलम्tumultuous, fierce
तुमुलम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by epithet paraṃtapa)
B
Bhīṣma (from the provided narrative context)
D
Duryodhana (from the provided narrative context)
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin (from the provided narrative context)
Ś
Śveta (from the provided narrative context)
P
Pāṇḍavas (from the provided narrative context)
K
Kaurava army (from the provided narrative context)
G
gold-adorned chariot of Bhīṣma (from the provided narrative context)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the kṣatriya ideal of steadfastness in battle: a seasoned warrior, moved by duty and allegiance, becomes resolute and acts without clinging to life or yielding to fear—yet the narrative also implicitly points to the tragic escalation that such duty-bound violence produces.

Sañjaya reports that, upon observing the situation on the battlefield, Bhīṣma alone becomes energized and advances with lethal intent; as he moves to strike, the fighting swells into a great, chaotic, and thunderous engagement.