Shloka 4

Bhīmasena’s Kalinga Engagement and the Approach of Bhīṣma (भीमसेन-कालिङ्ग-संग्रामः)

Devanagari script

रथानीकं नरव्याप्रा: केचिदभ्यपतन्‌ रथै: । अभज्यन्त युगैरेव युगानि भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

rathānīkaṃ naravyāprāḥ kecid abhyapatan rathaiḥ | abhajyanta yugair eva yugāni bharatarṣabha ||

Translation

Wika ni Sañjaya: May ilang magigiting na lalaki, na ang isip ay nakatuon sa pakikipaglaban, ang sumugod sakay ng kanilang mga karwahe nang tuwid sa hanay ng mga karwahe ng kaaway. O bantayog sa mga Bharata, maraming pamatok ng karwahe ang nabasag nang magbanggaan ang pamatok sa pamatok—larawan ng bangis ng labang dikit-dikit, kung saan ang husay at tapang ay sumasalubong sa malamig at walang-kinikilingang mekanika ng digmaan.

Word by Word

• रथानीकम्: the chariot-division (chariot-army)
• रथानीकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ + अनीक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• नरव्याप्राः: tigers among men (heroic men)
• नरव्याप्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर + व्याघ्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• केचित्: some
• केचित्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम् (प्रातिपदिक: केचिद्-)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• अभ्यपतन्: rushed upon / attacked
• अभ्यपतन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural

• रथैः: with chariots
• रथैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अभज्यन्त: were broken
• अभज्यन्त: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: भञ्ज्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Ātmanepada (passive sense), 3rd, Plural

• युगैः: by yokes
• युगैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• एव: indeed / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• युगानि: yokes
• युगानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• भरतर्षभ: O bull among the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत + ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address: bharatarṣabha)
• ratha (chariot)
• rathānīka (chariot-formation)
• yuga (chariot-yoke)