Shloka 70

Devanagari script

नफमश (0) अत +- ॥। 3० श्रीपरमात्मने नम: ।।

Transliteration

mātāpitr̥sahasrāṇi putradāraśatāni ca | saṃsāreṣv anubhūtāni yānti yāsyanti cāpare ||

harṣasthānasahasrāṇi bhayasthānaśatāni ca | divase divase mūḍham āviśanti na paṇḍitam ||

ūrdhvabāhur virau my eṣa na ca kaś cic chṛṇoti me | dharmād arthaś ca kāmaś ca sa kimarthaṃ na sevyate ||

na jātu kāmān na bhayān na lobhād dharmaṃ tyajej jīvitasya api hetoḥ | nityo dharmaḥ sukhaduḥkhe tv anitye jīvo nityo hetur asya tv anityaḥ ||

imāṃ bhāratasāvitrīṃ prātar utthāya yaḥ paṭhet | sa bhārataphalaṃ prāpya paraṃ brahmādhigacchati ||

Translation

Sinabi ni Vaiśampāyana: Sa pag-ikot ng buhay sa daigdig, naranasan na ng tao—at patuloy pang mararanasan—ang di-mabilang na pag-uugnay at pagkalagot: libu-libong ina at ama, at daan-daang asawa at anak. Araw-araw, ang mangmang ay sinasalakay ng sanlibong pagkakataon ng galak at sandaang pagkakataon ng pangamba; ngunit hindi nito nayayanig ang isip ng marunong. Sumisigaw ako na nakataas ang dalawang bisig, subalit walang nakikinig: mula sa dharma ay nagmumula hindi lamang ang paglaya, kundi pati ang kasaganaan at ligaya—bakit hindi ito linangin ng mga tao? Huwag kailanman talikuran ang dharma dahil sa pagnanasa, takot, kasakiman, o kahit upang iligtas ang sariling buhay. Ang dharma ay walang hanggan, samantalang ang saya at sakit ay panandalian; gayundin, ang sarili (jīva) ay walang hanggan, at ang sanhi ng pagkakagapos nito ay panandalian. Ang buod na aral ng Mahābhārata na ito, na tinatawag na “Bharata-Sāvitrī,” kapag binibigkas tuwing umaga pagbangon, ay nagkakaloob ng bunga ng pag-aaral ng buong Mahābhārata at umaakay sa Kataas-taasang Brahman.

Word by Word

• मातापितृसहस्राणि: thousands of mothers and fathers
• मातापितृसहस्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ + पितृ + सहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• पुत्रदारशतानि: hundreds of sons and wives
• पुत्रदारशतानि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र + दार + शत
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• संसारेषु: in worldly existences
• संसारेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संसार
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Plural

• अनुभूतानि: experienced
• अनुभूतानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनु + √भू (भव्)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Plural

• यान्ति: go (pass away)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या
• Form: Present, 3rd, Plural

• यास्यन्ति: will go
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या
• Form: Simple Future, 3rd, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपरे: others
• अपरे: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अपर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhārata (Mahābhārata)
• Bhārata-sāvitrī
• Paraṃ Brahma (Supreme Brahman)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Worldly relationships and emotional highs and lows repeat endlessly in saṃsāra; therefore one should not be ruled by joy and fear. Dharma alone is to be cultivated because it supports not only liberation but also rightful prosperity (artha) and pleasure (kāma). Dharma and the self are presented as enduring, while pleasure/pain and the causes of bondage are impermanent—so dharma should never be abandoned even under pressure from desire, fear, greed, or survival instinct.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana delivers a compact, proverbial set of verses presented as the ‘Bhārata-sāvitrī,’ an essence-summary of the Mahābhārata’s ethical vision. The speaker adopts the dramatic image of proclaiming with raised arms—lamenting that people still ignore dharma—then concludes with a phalaśruti: daily morning recitation yields the merit of studying the entire epic and leads toward realization of the Supreme Brahman.