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Shloka 9

Adhyāya 108 — Nimitta-darśana and Drona’s counsel amid Arjuna’s advance (निमित्तदर्शनं द्रोणोपदेशश्च)

दर्पितानां सुवेशानां बलस्थानां पताकिनाम्‌ | शिक्षितैर्युद्धकुशलैरुपेतानां नरोत्तमै:,तदनन्तर सुबलपुत्र शकुनि एक लाख घुड़सवारोंकी सेनाके साथ युद्धके लिये आ पहुँचा। वे सभी सैनिक अपने हाथोंमें चमकते हुए प्रास, ऋष्टि और तोमर लिये हुए थे। सबको अपने शौर्यका अभिमान था। सभी बलवान, सुन्दर वेशभूषासे सुसज्जित और ध्वजा-पताकासे सुशोभित थे। अस्त्र-विद्याकी शिक्षा पाये हुए युद्धकुशल श्रेष्ठ पैदल सिपाहियोंकी भी बहुत बड़ी संख्या उन घुड़सवारोंके साथ थी

sañjaya uvāca | darpitānāṃ suveśānāṃ balasthānāṃ patākinām | śikṣitair yuddhakuśalair upetānāṃ narottamaiḥ ||

Wika ni Sañjaya: “Sila’y mapagmataas at panatag sa sarili, marikit ang bihis, matitibay sa katayuan, at naliligiran ng mga watawat. Kasama nila ang pinakamahuhusay na lalaki—mahigpit na sinanay at bihasa sa pakikidigma.”

दर्पितानाम्of the proud/vainglorious
दर्पितानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदर्पित (दर्प + क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
सुवेशानाम्of the well-dressed
सुवेशानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसुवेश
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
बलस्थानाम्of those stationed in strength / strong-positioned
बलस्थानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootबलस्थान
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
पताकिनाम्of those bearing banners/standards
पताकिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपताकिन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
शिक्षितैःby/with the trained
शिक्षितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशिक्षित (शिक्ष् + क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
युद्धकुशलैःby/with those skilled in battle
युद्धकुशलैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्धकुशल
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
उपेतानाम्of those accompanied/attended
उपेतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootउपेत (उप + इ + क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
नरोत्तमैःby/with the best of men
नरोत्तमैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनरोत्तम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
patākā (banners/flags)

Educational Q&A

The verse implicitly contrasts outward splendor and martial competence with the inner moral risk of pride (darpa) and the escalating inevitability of conflict; it frames war as driven not only by duty and strategy but also by display, confidence, and human passions.

Sañjaya describes a contingent of warriors: proud, well-adorned, banner-bearing, and supported by expertly trained, battle-skilled elite men—setting the scene for the intensification of forces on the battlefield.