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Shloka 17

तमोगुण-निरूपण

Analysis of Tamas and its Marks

परिवादकथा नित्य देवब्राह्मणवैदिकी,देवता, ब्राह्मण और वेदकी सदा निन्दा करना, दान न देना, अभिमान, मोह, क्रोध, असहनशीलता और प्राणियोंके प्रति मात्सर्य--ये सब तामस बर्ताव हैं

parivāda-kathā nityaṁ deva-brāhmaṇa-vaidikī | adānaṁ māna-moha-krodhāḥ asahiṣṇutā ca prāṇiṣu mātsaryaṁ—etāni sarvāṇi tāmasāni vartanāni ||

Wika ni Vāyu: “Ang palagiang pakikibahagi sa mapanirang pananalita—lalo na laban sa mga diyos, mga Brahmin, at sa tradisyong Vedic—kasama ng pagtangging magbigay, pagmamataas, pagkalito ng isip, galit, kawalan ng pagtitiis, at inggit sa mga nilalang: ang lahat ng ito ay mga anyo ng asal na tāmasa.”

परिवादकथाtalk of slander/defamation
परिवादकथा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवादकथा (परिवाद + कथा)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यalways/constantly
नित्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनित्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
देवब्राह्मणवैदिकीconcerning gods, brahmins, and the Veda (Vedic matters)
देवब्राह्मणवैदिकी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवब्राह्मणवैदिकी (देव + ब्राह्मण + वैदिकी)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
देवताdeities
देवता:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
ब्राह्मणbrahmins
ब्राह्मण:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वेदthe Veda
वेद:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
निन्दाcensure/blame
निन्दा:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिन्दा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
करणम्doing/performing
करणम्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (करण)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
दानgift/charity
दान:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ददातिgives
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPresent, Third, Singular
अभिमानpride/egoism
अभिमान:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभिमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मोहdelusion
मोह:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रोधanger
क्रोध:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
असहनशीलताintolerance
असहनशीलता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसहनशीलता (असहनशील + ता)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रतिtowards/against
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति
मात्सर्यम्envy/spite
मात्सर्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमात्सर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तामसाःtamasic (born of darkness)
तामसाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आचाराःconduct/behaviours
आचाराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu)
देव (Devas)
ब्राह्मण (Brāhmaṇas)
वेद (Veda / Vedic tradition)
प्राणी (living beings)

Educational Q&A

The verse defines tāmasic conduct through concrete ethical markers: habitual slander (especially of sacred authorities), refusal to give, and inner vices—pride, delusion, anger, intolerance, and envy toward beings—showing that tamas expresses itself both in speech and in social/moral behavior.

Vāyu is speaking as a moral instructor, enumerating behaviors that characterize tamas. The focus is didactic: identifying traits to be avoided in order to uphold dharma and cultivate a purer disposition.