Shloka 37

धृतराष्ट्र-सत्कारः तथा श्राद्ध-दाने नियमनम् | Honoring Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Regulating Śrāddha-Gifts

Devanagari script

विपरीतकश्न मे शत्रुर्नियम्यश्न भवेन्नर: । राजा युधिष्ठिर बड़े दयालु थे। वे सदा प्रसन्न रहकर अपने भाइयों और मन्त्रियोंसे कहा करते थे कि “ये राजा धृतराष्ट्र मेरे और आपलोगोंके माननीय हैं। जो इनकी आज्ञाके अधीन रहता है

Transliteration

viparītakṛc ca me śatrur niyamyaś ca bhaven naraḥ |

Translation

Sinabi ni Vaiśampāyana: “Ang taong kumikilos nang salungat sa aking utos at sa wastong asal ay aking kaaway; ngunit ang taong marunong magpigil sa sarili, may disiplina, at masunurin ay dapat ituring na isa sa aking mga tao.” Sa ganitong diwa, si Haring Yudhiṣṭhira—laging mahabagin at panatag—ay paulit-ulit na nagsasabi sa kanyang mga kapatid at mga ministro na si Haring Dhṛtarāṣṭra ay karapat-dapat igalang ng lahat; ang sinumang nananatiling nasa ilalim ng kapangyarihan at utos ni Dhṛtarāṣṭra ay itinuturing na mabuting kaibigan ni Yudhiṣṭhira, at ang kumikilos nang kabaligtaran ay paparusahan.

Word by Word

• {'viparīta': 'contrary, opposite, acting against (instruction/dharma)', 'kṛt (kṛc)': 'doing, acting (here: one who acts in a certain way)', 'me': 'my', 'śatruḥ': 'enemy', 'niyamyaḥ': 'to be restrained/controlled

• obedient (one who is to be kept under rule or who keeps himself under rule)', 'ca': 'and', 'bhavet': 'would be, should be, becomes', 'naraḥ': 'man, person'}

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• brothers of Yudhiṣṭhira (Pāṇḍavas)
• ministers

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames ethical governance as loyalty to rightful authority and disciplined conduct: obedience and self-restraint are treated as friendship and social harmony, while deliberate contrariness is treated as enmity and becomes liable to punishment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes Yudhiṣṭhira’s policy after the war: he instructs his brothers and ministers to honor Dhṛtarāṣṭra as a venerable elder-king, to remain under his direction, and to treat disobedience or oppositional conduct as a punishable offense.