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Shloka 4

Phala of Vrata, Niyama, Svādhyāya, Dama, Satya, Brahmacarya, and Service (व्रत-नियम-स्वाध्याय-दम-सत्य-ब्रह्मचर्य-शुश्रूषा-फलप्रश्नः)

समाप्ते नियमे तस्मिन्‌ महर्षि: पुत्रमब्रवीत्‌ | उपस्पर्शनसक्तस्य स्वाध्यायाभिरतस्य च

bhīṣma uvāca | samāpte niyame tasmin maharṣiḥ putram abravīt | upasparśana-saktasya svādhyāyābhiratasya ca |

Sinabi ni Bhīṣma: “Nang matapos ang gayong pagtalima, sinabi ng dakilang ṛṣi sa kanyang anak: ‘Anak ko, habang abala ako sa paglilinis ayon sa ritwal at nakalubog sa pagbigkas ng Veda (svādhyāya), nagtipon ako ng mga panggatong, damong kuśa, mga bulaklak, isang banga ng tubig, at saganang mga pagkain, at inilagay ko ang mga iyon sa pampang ng ilog. Pagkaraan, nalimutan ko ang lahat at naparito. Ngayon, pumunta ka sa pampang at dalhin mo rito ang buong naipon na iyon.’”

समाप्तेwhen (it was) completed
समाप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाप्त (सम्+आप्+क्त)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
नियमेin the observance/vow
नियमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनियम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
महर्षिःthe great sage
महर्षिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुत्रम्son
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
उपस्पर्शनसक्तस्यof one attached to ablution/touching (ritual washing)
उपस्पर्शनसक्तस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootउपस्पर्शन-सक्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
स्वाध्यायाभिरतस्यof one devoted to self-study/recitation
स्वाध्यायाभिरतस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्याय-अभिरत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
a Maharshi (great sage)
T
the sage's son
R
riverbank
S
samidhā (fuel-sticks)
K
kuśa grass
F
flowers
W
water-pot (ghaṭa/kalaśa)
F
food/provisions (fruits etc.)
S
svādhyāya (Vedic recitation)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined observance (niyama) and the primacy of sacred duties like purification and Vedic recitation, while also showing that practical responsibilities remain—one must complete what has been arranged for a rite, often through orderly delegation and obedience within the family/āśrama setting.

After completing a religious observance, a sage tells his son that he had placed ritual materials and provisions on the riverbank before bathing and reciting the Veda, but then forgot them and left; he instructs the son to go to the riverbank and bring the items back.