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Shloka 38

दैव–पुरुषकार-प्रश्नः

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Inquiry: Fate and Human Effort

गोप्रदानेन मिथ्या च ब्राह्मणेभ्यो महामखे । पुरा नृगश्न राजर्षि: कूकलासत्वमागत:

gopradānena mithyā ca brāhmaṇebhyo mahāmakhe | purā nṛgaś ca rājarṣiḥ kūkalāsatvam āgataḥ ||

Wika ni Bhishma: Noong unang panahon, ang maharlikang pantas na si Nṛga ay tanyag na dakilang mapagkaloob. Ngunit minsan, sa isang dakilang handog, habang nagbibigay siya ng mga baka bilang dāna sa mga Brahmin, nagkamali siya—naibigay niyang muli ang iisang baka. Dahil dito, siya’y isinilang bilang butiki. Ipinakikita ng pangyayaring ito na kahit ang kilalang mapagbigay ay dapat maging lubhang maingat sa pagbibigay: ang pagkakamaling nakapipinsala o nakalalabag sa karapatan ng tumatanggap—gaya ng pagbibigay ng iisang baka nang dalawang ulit—ay maaaring magbunga ng mabigat na karma.

गो-प्रदानेनby/through the giving of cows
गो-प्रदानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्रदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मिथ्याwrongly; falsely; improperly
मिथ्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ब्राह्मणेभ्यःto the Brahmins
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Dative, Plural
महामखेin a great sacrifice
महामखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहामख
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पुराformerly; once
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
नृगःNṛga (the king)
नृगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजर्षिःthe royal sage
राजर्षिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजर्षि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कूकलासत्वम्the state of being a lizard
कूकलासत्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकूकलासत्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आगतःhaving come to; having attained
आगतः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-गम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
Nṛga
B
Brāhmaṇas
C
cow (go)
M
mahāmakha (great sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

Dāna must be accurate and non-injurious: even an unintended mistake in a sacred gift—especially one that wrongs a recipient—can produce serious karmic results. Good intention does not fully cancel the ethical duty of carefulness and fairness.

Bhīṣma cites an ancient example: the royal sage Nṛga, though famed for generosity, once made an error while donating cows to Brahmins during a great sacrifice (apparently giving the same cow twice). Because of that fault, he later fell into the condition of a lizard.